. 2017 Feb 8;18(2):359. doi: 10.3390/ijms18020359

Table 4.

List of metabolites whose signals were assigned and integrated in the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. For each metabolite, the integration range is reported. For each comparison, the corresponding p-value of the Wilcoxon test and the Cliff’s delta (Cd) effect size are reported (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001, n = negligible, s = small, m = medium, l = large).

Metabolites (ppm)	“DHA” vs. “No-DHA”				“PRO” vs. “No-PRO”				“PCA” vs. “No-PCA”
	6 h		24 h		6 h		24 h		6 h		24 h
	p-Value	Cd	p-Value	Cd	p-Value	Cd	p-Value	Cd	p-Value	Cd	p-Value	Cd
Isoleucine (0.945–0.938)	0.917	n	1	n	0.112	s	0.456	s	1	n	0.380	s
Valine (1.003–0.981)	0.662	n	0.036 *	m	0.567	n	0.312	s	0.691	n	0.757	n
Lactate/threonine (1.346–1.320)	0.950	n	0.025 *	l	0.691	n	0.062	m	0.047	m	0.302	s
Alanine (1.496–1.473)	0.519	n	0.072	s	0.112	m	0.594	s	0.965	n	0.718	n
Acetate (1.929–1.917)	0.755	n	0.697	n	0.628	n	0.099	m	0.427	s	0.57	s
Glutamate (2.081–2.034)	0.884	n	0.961	n	0.252	s	0.632	n	0.758	n	0.099	m
Glutathione (2.584–2.534)	0.177	s	0.006 **	l	0.691	n	0.632	n	0.597	n	0.439	s
Creatine (3.044–3.038)	0.390	s	0.098	m	0.427	s	0.424	s	0.354	s	0.38	s
Phosphocreatine (3.052–3.044)	0.152	s	0.733	n	0.027*	l	0.221	s	1	n	0.718	n
Glutamine (2.168–2.109)	0.662	n	0.592	n	0.332	s	0.338	s	0.234	s	0.959	n
O-phosphocholine (3.229–3.215)	0.036 *	m	0.661	n	0.086	m	0.958	n	0.354	s	0.164	s
Methanol (3.373–3.358)	0.755	n	0.013 *	l	0.724	n	0.79	s	0.724	n	0.164	m
Succinate (2.410–2.403)	0.467	s	0.496	s	0.064	m	0.11	m	0.597	n	0.796	n
Formate (8.466–8.451)	0.983	n	0.206	s	0.965	n	0.632	n	1	n	0.439	s
Pantothenate (0.903–0.894)	0.603	n	0.206	s	0.724	n	0.749	n	0.186	s	0.439	s
Aspartate (2.808–2.793)	0.036 *	m	0.088	m	0.27	s	0.15	m	0.965	n	0.409	s
Glycine (3.573-3.561)	0.519	n	0.173	s	0.481	s	0.394	s	0.454	s	0.409	s
Threonine (4.265–4.256)	0.493	n	0.036 *	m	0.078	m	0.67	n	0.311	s	0.353	s
AMP/IMP (4.525–4.501)	0.575	n	0.527	n	0.217	s	0.338	n	0.481	s	0.235	s
UMP (8.121-8.098)	0.633	n	0.559	n	0.234	s	0.019 *	m	0.332	s	0.536	n
O-acetylcholine (3.236–3.229)	2 × 10⁻⁵ ***	l	0.017 *	l	0.826	s	0.043	m	0.930	n	0.796	n
Leucine (0.969–0.960)	0.547	n	0.381	s	0.332	s	0.523	n	0.965	n	0.256	s

AMP: adenosine monophosphate; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; IMP: inosine monophosphate; PCA: protocatechuic acid; PRO: propionic acid; UMP: uridine 5′-monophosphate.