| AGER1 | Advanced Glycation Endproduct Receptor 1 |
| AGEs | Advanced Glycation Endproducts |
| ALEs | Advanced Lipoxidation Endproducts |
| BBB | Blood–brain barrier |
| CD | Cluster of Differentiation |
| CEL | Nε-(carboxyethyl)-lysine |
| CML | Nε-(carboxymethyl)-lysine |
| CNS | Central Nervous System |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal Fluid |
| DHAP | Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate |
| DMTs | Disease Modifying Treatments |
| EAE | Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis |
| EDSS | Expended Disability Status Score |
| GAP | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate |
| Glo-1 | Glyoxalase-1 |
| Glo-2 | Glyoxalase-2 |
| GLUT | Glucose Transporter |
| GO | Glyoxal |
| GSH | Glutathione |
| GWAS | Genome-wide Association Studies |
| HLA | Human Leukocyte Antigen |
| HMGB | High-Mobility Group B |
| HNE | 4-Hydroxynonenal |
| IL | Interleukin |
| MDA | Malondialdehyde |
| MG-H1 | Methylglyoxal-derived Hydroimidazolone 1 |
| MGO | Methylglyoxal |
| MS | Multiple Sclerosis |
| NADPH | Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate |
| NAWM | Normal Appearing White Matter |
| NF-κB | Nuclear Factor-κB |
| PBMCs | Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells |
| PP-MS | Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis |
| RAGE | Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts |
| ROS | Reactive Oxygen Species |
| RR-MS | Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis |
| SP-MS | Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis |
| sRAGE | Soluble Receptor of Advanced Glycation Endproducts |
| THP | Tetrahydropyrimidine |
| TNFα | Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha |