Table 5.
Parameter Estimates of Behavioral Trajectories
| Effect | Unadjusted Behavior (NPI) | Adjusted Behavior (NPI) |
|---|---|---|
| Intercept | 3.839*** (3.481, 4.198) | 10.593*** (5.364, 15.822) |
| Time | 0.461** (0.165, 0.757) | 1.256** (0.488, 2.024) |
| Time2 | −0.001 (−0.068, 0.066) | 0.002 (−0.069, 0.073) |
| Cognitive status (MMSE) | −0.073 (−0.149, 0.003) | |
| Cognitive status (MMSE) × Time | −0.031* (−0.057, −0.006) | |
| Age of onset (y) | −0.081** (−0.134, −0.029) | |
| Male | 0.168 (−0.576, 0.911) | |
| Male × Time | −0.258 (−0.562, 0.046) | |
| Years of education | −0.045 (−0.151, 0.060) | |
| Race (ref = White) | ||
| African American | −0.485 (−1.601, 0.630) | |
| Other | −0.123 (−1.540, 1.295) | |
| Marital status (ref = Widowed) | ||
| Married | 0.100 (−0.814, 1.014) | |
| Other | 0.945 (−0.236, 2.127) | |
| Region of residence (ref = Northeast) | ||
| South | 1.776* (0.383, 3.170) | |
| West | 0.776 (−0.132, 1.685) | |
| Midwest | 0.778 (−0.357, 1.914) | |
| Not specified | 1.269** (0.413, 2.124) | |
| Community dwelling in previous time period (ref = Facility) | 0.846 (−0.111, 1.803) | |
| Informant relationship (ref = Spouse) | ||
| Other family member | 0.112 (−0.810, 1.034) | |
| Other | −0.352 (−1.729, 1.025) | |
| Informant relationship (ref = Spouse) × Time | ||
| Other family member | −0.304 (−0.627, 0.019) | |
| Other | −0.420 (−0.894, 0.054) | |
| Ever hypertension | 0.738* (0.064, 1.413) | |
| Ever diabetes | 0.520 (−0.375, 1.415) | |
| Ever congestive heart failure | 0.624 (−0.616, 1.864) | |
| Ever stroke | 1.121 (−0.156, 2.398) | |
| Ever stroke × Time | −0.516 (−1.064, 0.032) | |
| Ever hypercholesterolemia | −0.617 (−1.291, 0.056) | |
| Ever psychiatric problems | 1.319** (0.346, 2.291) | |
Notes. N = 457. NPI-Q = Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire severity score (scored 0–36). Higher scores indicate more severe behavioral symptoms.
*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.