Table 2.
Scientific name | Vernacular name | Geographic status | Habit | Morphological structure used | Therapeutic use | Conservation status | Voucher number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adoxaceae | |||||||
Sambucus nigra L. | Sauco, tilo | Introduced | Tree | Flower | Antiflu, antitussive, sedative | NE | FT1252 |
Amaranthaceae | |||||||
Aerva sanguinolenta (L.) Blume | Escancel | Introduced | Herb | Plant without root | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretic, emmenagogue, restorative, stomachache | NE | FTMAL008 |
Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze | Moradilla | Native | Shrub | Branch, flower | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, restorative, tonic | NE | FT0010 |
Amaranthus caudatus L. | Amaranto, ataco, ataku morado, sangorache | Native | Herb | Inflorescence | Antiflu, anti-inflammatory, blood circulation, carminative, diuretic, emmenagogue, hepatic, stimulant, tonic | NE | FT0278 |
Amaranthus hybridus L. | Ataco, ataku, bledo, sangorache | Native | Herb | Inflorescence, young leaf | Antiflu, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, emmenagogue, tonic, vulnerary | NE | FTMAL006 |
Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. | Chulku, escancel | Native | Herb | Branch | Analgesic, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hepatic, tonic | NE | HUTPL433 |
Iresine herbstii Hook. | Escancel, tigrecillo | Native | Herb | Branch, shoot | Analgesic, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, sedative, tonic | NE | FT0486 |
Apiaceae | |||||||
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. | Eneldo, hinojo | Introduced | Herb | Leaf | Analgesic, carminative, digestive, diuretic, hepatic, stomachache, tonic | NE | FT0025t |
Niphogeton dissecta (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.a | Culantrillo | Native | Herb | Plant without root | Analgesic, carminative | NE | FT0024t |
Asclepiadaceae | |||||||
Orthosia ellemannii (Morillo) Liede & Mevea | Cola de caballo | Endemic | Vine | Branch | Anti-inflammatory, diuretic | VU | FT037t |
Asteraceae | |||||||
Gamochaeta americana (Mill.) Wedd.a* | Lechugilla, lancetilla | Native | Herb | Plant without root | Antiflu, antidiarrheal, vulnerary | NE | FT026t |
Matricaria recutita L. | Manzanilla | Introduced | Herb | Plant without root | Analgesic, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, carminative, digestive, sedative, stomachache | NE | FT0014t |
Sonchus oleraceus L. | Kana yuyu, cerraja | Introduced | Herb | Plant without root | Analgesic, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, diuretic, hepatic, stomachache | NE | FT28t |
Tagetes filifolia Lag. | Anís | Native | Herb | Flower, leaf | Anti-inflammatory, antiflu, carminative, digestive, febrifuge, sedative, stomachache, tonic | NE | FT0987 |
Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg. | Diente de león | Introduced | Herb | Whole plant | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cholagogue, depurative, digestive, diuretic, hepatic, restorative, stomachache, vulnerary | NE | FT0029t |
Begoniaceae | |||||||
Begonia × tuberhybrida Voss | Begonia | Native | Herb | Petal | Sedative, tonic | NE | FT1250 |
Boraginaceae | |||||||
Borago officinalis L. | Borraja | Introduced | Herb | Flower, leaf | Analgesic, antidiarrheal, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, antitussive, emmenagogue, febrifuge | NE | FT011MAL |
Brassicaceae | |||||||
Matthiola incana (L.) W.T. Aiton | Alhelí | Introduced | Herb | Flower | Analgesic, antiflu, cardiotonic, digestive, hepatic, sedative, stomachache | NE | FT1250 |
Caryophyllaceae | |||||||
Dianthus caryophyllus L. | Clavel | Introduced | Herb | Petal | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic, restorative, sedative | NE | FT1253 |
Commelinaceae | |||||||
Callisia repens (Jacq.) L. | Calcha, calsi | Native | Herb | Leaf | Hypotensive | NE | FT51MPAT |
Tradescantia zebrina Heynh. ex Bosse | Calcha | Introduced | Herb | Leaf | Analgesic, febrifuge, hypotensive | NE | FT30t |
Equisetaceae | |||||||
Equisetum bogotense Kuntha | Cola de caballo, caballo chupa | Native | Herb | Branch | Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretic, febrifuge, hepatic, hypotensive | NE | FT031t |
Equisetum giganteum L.a | Cola de caballo, chupa caballo | Native | Herb | Plant without root | Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, depurative, diuretic, hepatic | NE | FT1009 |
Fabaceae | |||||||
Indigofera suffruticosa Mill. a | Tintanil | Native | Shrub | Branch, flower | Anti-inflammatory, tonic | NE | FT21t |
Gentianaceae | |||||||
Centaurium erythraea Rafn | Canchalagua | Introduced | Herb | Whole plant | Antiflu, blood circulation, hypolipemiant, tonic | NE | FT1016 |
Geraniaceae | |||||||
Erodium cf. cicutarium (L.) L'Hér. ex Aiton | Agujilla | Introduced | Herb | Branch | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, tonic | NE | FTE001MC |
Pelargonium graveolens L'Hér.ex. Aiton | Esencia de rosa, malva esencia | Introduced | Herb | Leaf | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, carminative, diuretic | NE | FT1258 |
Pelargonium odoratissimum (L.) L´Hér. | Malva olorosa | Introduced | Herb | Branch | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, carminative, tonic | NE | FT016t |
Pelargonium zonale (L.) L'Hér. | Geranio, geranio rojo | Introduced | Herb | Petal | Antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, astringent, diuretic, vulnerary | NE | FT17t |
Lamiaceae | |||||||
Melissa officinalis L. | Toronjil | Introduced | Herb | Branch | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, cardiotonic, digestive, sedative | NE | FT45MPAT |
Mentha x piperita L. | Hierba buena, menta | Introduced | Herb | Leaf | Analgesic, antidiarrheal, antiflu,, anti-inflammatory, antitussive, carminative, digestive, tonic | NE | FT1261 |
Mentha spicata L. | Hierba buena, menta, menta negra | Introduced | Herb | Leaf | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiflu, antidiarrheal, antitussive, carminative, digestive, febrifuge, tonic | LC | FT1260 |
Ocimum basilicum L. | Albahaca, albahaca de sal, albahaca negra | Introduced | Herb | Leaf | Analgesic, antidiarrheal, antitussive, carminative, hepatic, digestive, diuretic, sedative, stomachache, tonic | NE | FT46TMPA |
Ocimum campechianum Mill. | Albahaca, albahaca blanca, albahaca de dulce | Native | Herb | Leaf | Analgesic, blood pressure, carminative, digestive, restorative, sedative, stomachache, tonic | NE | FT46aMPA |
Linaceae | |||||||
Linum usitatissimum L. | Linaza | Introduced | Herb | Seed | Anti-inflammatory, digestive, diuretic, hepatic, stomachache | NE | FT47TMPA |
Malvaceae | |||||||
Alcea rosea L. | Malva goma, malva rosa, malvón | Introduced | Herb | Flower | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, depurative, diuretic, tonic | NE | HUTPL891 |
Malva arborea (L.) Webb & Berthel. | Malva altea, malva blanca | Introduced | Shrub | Flower, leaf | Anti-inflammatory, depurative, tonic | NE | FT042MC |
Malva parviflora L. | Malva alta, malva blanca | Introduced | Herb | Flower, leaf | Anti-inflammatory, depurative, hepatic, tonic | NE | FT015MCE |
Myrtaceae | |||||||
Myrcianthes hallii (O. Berg) McVaugh | Arrayán | Native | Tree | Leaf | Analgesic, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, hepatic, restorative | NE | FT215G |
Onagraceae | |||||||
Fuchsia harlingii Munz | Pena pena, pena pena de la montaña | Endemic | Shrub | Flower | Anti-inflammatory, sedative | VU | HUTPL5784 |
Fuchsia hybrida Hort. T. ex Siebert & Voss | Pena pena grande, pena pena roja | Introduced | Shrub | Flower | Anti-inflammatory, antiflu, cardiotonic, sedative, stomachache | NE | FT1262 |
Fuchsia loxensis Kunth | Pena pena rosada | Endemic | Shrub | Flower | Cardiotonic, febrifuge, sedative | LC | FT1158 |
Fuchsia magellanica Lam. | Pena pena morada | Introduced | Shrub | Flower | Sedative | NE | FT0147 |
Ludwigia nervosa (Poir.) H. Hara | Flor de reina, mejorana de huerta | Native | Shrub | Flower | Anti-inflammatory, sedative | NE | FT194 |
Oenothera rosea L'Her. ex Aiton | Shullu | Native | Herb | Plant without root | Anti-inflammatory, digestive, diuretic, hepatic | NE | FT53MPAT |
Orchidaceae | |||||||
Epidendrum jamiesonis Rchb. f.a | Flor de Cristo, maywa | Native | Epiphyte | Flower | Anti-inflammatory, sedative, diuretic, hepatic | A II | FT1063 |
Oxalidaceae | |||||||
Oxalis corniculata L.a | Chulco, chulku | Native | Herb | Branch | Antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hepatic, restorative | NE | FT1022 |
Piperaceae | |||||||
Peperomia galioides Kunth | Congona de cerro, sacha congona | Native | Herb | Plant without root | Analgesic, cardiotonic, diuretic, sedative, stomachache, tonic | NE | FT124SAR |
Peperomia ilaloensis Sodiro | Congona de castilla, congona negra | Native | Herb | Plant without root | Analgesic, sedative | NE | FT01t |
Peperomia inaequalifolia Ruiz & Pav. | Congona, congona grande | Native | Herb | Branch | Analgesic, cardiotonic, diuretic, hepatic, sedative | NE | FT1197 |
Piper crassinervium Kunth | Waviduca de dulce | Native | Shrub | Leaf | Analgesic, antiseptic, stomachache | NE | FT237 |
Plantaginaceae | |||||||
Plantago major L. | Llantén | Introduced | Herb | Plant without root | Anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hepatic, stomachache, vulnerary | LC | FT13t |
Poaceae | |||||||
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf | Hierba luisa, paja luisa | Introduced | Herb | Leaf | Analgesic, cardiotonic, digestive, diuretic, hypertensive, sedative, stomachache | NE | FT011t |
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. | Grama dulce | Introduced | Herb | Young branch | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretic, hepatic | NE | FT008MCE |
Hordeum vulgare L. | Cebada | Introduced | Herb | Seed | Anti-inflammatory, digestive, sedative | NE | MCE017 |
Polypodiaceae | |||||||
Niphidium crassifolium (L.) Lellingera | Calawala | Native | Epiphyte | Root | Anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hepatic | NE | FT40T |
Proteaceae | |||||||
Oreocallis grandiflora (Lam.) R. Br.a | Cucharillo, gañil | Native | Tree | Flower | Anti-inflammatory, digestive, diuretic, hepatic, hypoglicemic agent, vulnerary | NE | FT04t |
Pteridaceae | |||||||
Pityrogramma ebenea (L.) Proctora | Doradilla plateada, luna plateada | Native | Herb | Leaf | Restorative, stomachache, tonic | NE | FT014 |
Rosaceae | |||||||
Alchemilla aphanoides Mutis ex L. f. | Saucillo | Native | Herb | Branch | Analgesic | NE | FT007 |
Duchesnea indica (Andrews) Teschem. | Fresa salvaje | Introduced | Herb | Leaf | Depurative | NE | FT0019t |
Rosa cymosa Tratt. | Rosa, rosa de castilla | Introduced | Shrub | Petal | Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, digestive, sedative, tonic | NE | FT274 |
Sanguisorba minor subsp. muricata (Bonnier & Layens) Briq. | Pimpinela | Introduced | Herb | Flower, leaf | Astringent, cardiotonic, depurative, hemostatic, hypoglycemic agent, hypertensive, sedative, tonic | NE | FT014MZ |
Rutaceae | |||||||
Citrus x junos Siebold ex Tanaka | Naranja agria, naranjo | Introduced | Tree | Leaf | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, digestive, sedative, stomachache | NE | FT007t |
Solanaceae | |||||||
Solanum americanum Mill. | Hierba mora, mortiño | Native | Herb | Leaf | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, digestive, febrifuge, sedative, stomachache | NE | FT36t |
Streptosolen jamesonii (Benth.) Miersa | Flor de quinde, flor del sol, jaboncillo | Native | Shrub | Flower | Anti-inflammatory | NE | FT12t |
Tiliaceae | |||||||
Triumfetta semitriloba Jacq.a | Abrojo, cadillo, mostrante | Native | Shrub | Flower, leaf | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, astringent, diuretic, febrifuge | NE | FT39T |
Verbenaceae | |||||||
Aloysia triphylla Royle | Cedrón | Native | Shrub | Flower, leaf | Analgesic, antispasmodic, blood pressure, cardiotonic, carminative, digestive, hepatic, hypoglycemic agent, restorative, sedative, stomachache | NE | FT1265 |
Phyla scaberrima (A. Juss. ex Pers.) Moldenke | Buscapina, novalgina | Introduced | Shrub | Plant without root | Analgesic, carminative, digestive, stomachache | NE | FT1240 |
Violaceae | |||||||
Viola odorata L. | Violeta, violeta de jardín | Introduced | Herb | Flower | Antibronquitic, antiflu,, anti-inflammatory, antitussive, depurative, digestive, hoarseness, vulnerary | NE | FT1266 |
Viola tricolor L. | Pensamiento | Introduced | Herb | Flower | Analgesic, antidiarrheal, antiflu, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretic, febrifuge, hoarseness | NE | FT1267 |
Zingiberaceae | |||||||
Hedychium coronarium J. Koening | Caña agria | Introduced | Herb | Stem | Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, diuretic | NE | FT002t |
Conservation status: LC = Least concern, NE = Not evaluated, VU = Vulnerable; A II = CITES Appendix II
aWild medicinal plant species collected in nature by women