Table 2.
Effect of natural compounds on the necroptotic, paraptotic, parthanatos, and mitotic catastrophe pathways in tumor cells.
| Compound Name | Compound Source | Tumor Cells | Mode of Action | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shikonin | Lithospermum erythrorhizon Siebold & Zucc. | breast cancer MCF-7 cells, osteosarcoma cells, glioma cells, multiple myeloma and leukemia cells | Induced RIPK-1 and RIPK-3 | [279, 280, 279, 287-299] |
| Piperlongumine | Piper longum | malignant breast tumors in xenografted mice in vivo | ROS production | [300] |
| Acetogenin mimic AA005 | Annonaceae | colorectal adenocarcinoma SW620 cells | ROS production; induced RIPK-1 | [301] |
| Eupomatenoid-5 | Piper regnellii (Miq.) C. DC. var. regnellii | kidney cancer 786-0 cells | necrosis morphology | [302] |
| Parthenolide | Tanacetum parthenium | acute promyelocytic HL-60 cells; Jurkat T lymphoma cells; breast cancer MDA-MB231 cells | Activation of ROS and RIPK-1 | [304-307] |
| γ-Tocotrienol, | vitamin E derived from palm oil | colon cancer cells | Paraptosis | [314] |
| Ginsenoside Rh2 | Ginseng biloba | colorectal cancer cells | Paraptosis | [315] |
| Honokiol | Magnolia officinalis, | leukemia NB4 cells | Paraptosis | [316] |
| Hesperidin | citrus fruits | hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells | Paraptosis | [317] |
| Celastrol | Tripterygium wilfordii | breast and colon cancer cells | Paraptosis | [200, 318] |
| Moscatilin | Dendrobium loddigesii | squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cells | Mitotic catastrophe | [328] |
| 2-deprenyl-rheediaxanthone B | Metaxya rostrata C. Presl | colorectal cancer cells | Mitotic catastrophe | [329] |
| Flavone eupatorin | Orthosiphon stamineus | various cancer cells | Mitotic catastrophe | [330] |
| MMH01 | Antrodia cinnamomea | leukemia U937 cells | Mitotic catastrophe | [331] |
| Ruta | Ruta graveolens | brain cancer and HL-60 leukemia cells | Mitotic catastrophe | [332] |
| Ethanolic extract | Derris scandens Benth | colon cancer HT29 cells | Mitotic catastrophe | [333] |