. 2017 Mar 7;12(1):1289651. doi: 10.1080/19932820.2017.1289651

Table 1.

Characteristics of exclusive waterpipe smokers (EWPS, n = 36) and non-smokers (n = 36).

		EWPS	Non-smokers	Probability
Age (years)^a		23 ± 4	22 ± 3	0.68
Age (years)^a		[21 to 24]	[21 to 24]	0.68
Quantity of used tobacco (waterpipe-years)^a		7.92 ± 3.72	0	-
Quantity of used tobacco (waterpipe-years)^a		[6.66 to 9.18]	0	-
Remaining teeth^a		27.92 ± 0.28	27.83 ± 0.38	0.29
Remaining teeth^a		[27.82 to 28.01]	[27.71 to 27.96]	0.29
Plaque index^a		1.41 ± 0.59	1.29 ± 0.69	0.42
Plaque index^a		[1.21 to 1.61]	[1.06 to 1.52]	0.42
Decayed/missing/filled teeth^b		1.97 ± 0.36	1.81 ± 0.40	0.76
Decayed/missing/filled teeth^b		[1.24 to 2.70]	[0.99 to 2.63]	0.76
Classes of plaque index^c	[0–1]	5 (13.9)	7 (19.4)	0.82
	[1–2]	19 (52.8)	18 (50.00)
	[2–3]	12 (33.3)	11 (30.6)

Data are: ^amean ± standard deviation [95% confidence-interval]; ^bmean ± standard error [95% confidence-interval]; ^cnumber (percentage).

* p < 0.05 (t-test): EWPS vs. non-smokers

^† p < 0.05 (chi-squared): EWPS vs. non-smokers