Table 4.

Multiple linear regression analyses of the relationships between lower limb muscle co-contraction and ABC, gait speed, and stride, stance, and swing times during normal and dual task walking, adjusted for age.

Normal Walking

	ABC (%)			Gait Speed (m/s)			Stride Time (s)			Stance Time (s)			Swing Time (s)

Co-Contraction (%)	R²	β	p-val	R²	β	p-val	R²	β	p-val	R²	β	p-val	R²	β	p-val
Stride	0.147	−0.394	0.021	0.352	−0.001	0.466	0.140	0.001	0.218	-	-	-	-	-	-
Stance	0.131	−0.342	0.036	0.349	−0.001	0.573	-	-	-	0.129	0.0005	0.511	-	-	-
Swing	0.152	−0.362	0.018	0.361	−0.002	0.273	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.034	−0.0004	0.256

Dual Task Walking

	ABC (%)			Gait Speed (m/s)			Stride Time (s)			Stance Time (s)			Swing Time (s)

Co-Contraction (%)	R²	β	p-val	R²	β	p-val	R²	β	p-val	R²	β	p-val	R²	β	p-val

Stride	0.170	−0.456	0.010	0.379	−0.004	0.038	0.157	0.003	0.034	-	-	-	-	-	-
Stance	0.140	−0.374	0.027	0.378	−0.004	0.04	-	-	-	0.190	0.002	0.08	-	-	-
Swing	0.151	−0.360	0.018	0.360	−0.003	0.097	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.030	0.0001	0.821

Note: R² = measures the proportion of variance in the outcome variable explained by the predictor variable; β = magnitude of the slope of the relationship; p-val = probability of whether or not β is significantly different than 0 (p-val < 0.05 was considered statistically significant).