Table 2.
Study Measures by Meta-Analysis Aim
| Author, Date |
Caregiver Strain and Patient HF Symptoms |
Caregiver Psychological Distress and Patient HF Symptoms |
Caregiver Strain and Patient QOL |
Caregiver Psychological Distress and Patient QOL |
Caregiver Strain and Patient Clinical Event Risk |
Caregiver Psychological Distress and Patient Clinical Event Risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agren, 2010 | CG: CBS (Swedish) |
CG: CBS (Swedish) |
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| Pt: NYHA | Pt: SF-36 PCS | |||||
| Barnes, 2006 | CG: CSI (dichotomized) |
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| Pt: NYHA (dichotomized) | ||||||
| Chung, 2009 | CG: BSI – Depression |
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| Pt: MLHFQ | ||||||
| Chung, 2010 | CG: BDI-II | |||||
| Pt: NYHA | ||||||
| Hooley, 2005 | CG: ZBI (dichotomized) |
CG: BDI-II (dichotomized) |
CG: ZBI | CG: ZBI (dichotomized) |
CG: BDI-II | |
| Pt: NYHA (dichotomized) |
Pt: NYHA (dichotomized) |
Pt: MLHFQ | Pt: hospitalization or death 6 months after enrollment |
Pt: hospitalization or death 6 months after enrollment |
||
| Hwang, 2011 | CG: CRA (schedule) |
CG: CRA (physical health) |
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| Pt: NYHA | Pt: days since last hospital discharge |
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| Luttik, 2007 | CG: CRA (schedule) |
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| Pt: RAND-36 PF | ||||||
| Martensson, 2003 | CG: BDI | CG: BDI | ||||
| Pt: NYHA | Pt: SF-12 PCS | |||||
| Pihl, 2005 | CG: Zung | CG: Zung | ||||
| Pt: NYHA | Pt: SF-12 PCS | |||||
| Pressler, 2013 | CG: OCBS | CG: PHQ-8 | ||||
| Pt: NYHA (dichotomized) |
Pt: NYHA (dichotomized) |
|||||
| Rohrbaugh, 2002 | CG: HSC-25 | |||||
| Pt: NYHA | ||||||
| Rohrbaugh, 2009 | CG: HSC-25 | CG: HSC-25 | ||||
| Pt: NYHA | Pt: SF-36 composite PCS/MCS |
|||||
| Saunders, 2008 | CG: CRA (schedule) |
CG: CES-D | CG: CRA (family) |
|||
| Pt: NYHA (caregiver evaluated) |
Pt: NYHA | Pt: Number of hospitalizations past 12 months |
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| Schwarz, 2003 | CG: PSS | CG: CES-D | ||||
| Pt: Hospitalization or death 3 months after enrollment |
Pt: Hospitalization or death 3 months after enrollment |
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| Trivedi, 2012 | CG: ZBI | CG: CES-D | ||||
| Pt: HCS (HF- specific) |
Pt: HCS (HF- specific) |
CG: Caregiver; Pt: Patient; CBS (Swedish): Swedish Caregiver Burden Scale; NYHA: New York Heart Association Classification; SF-12/36 PCS/MCS: Short Form-12/36 Physical Component Summary/Mental Component Summary; CSI: Carer Strain Index; BSI: Brief Symptom Inventory; MLHFQ: Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; ZBI: Zarit Burden Interview; CRA: Caregiver Reaction Assessment; RAND-36 PF: RAND version of the SF-36, Physical Function subscale; Zung: Zung Depression Scale; OCBS: Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale; PHQ-8: Patient Health Questionnaire-8; HSC-25: Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25; CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; PSS: Perceived Stress Scale; HCS: Health Complaints Scale