Table 1.
Notation of the MPAD model parameters
| Climate-dependent parameter | |
|---|---|
| f E | Non-diapause egg hatching rate (day-1) |
| f dia | Diapause egg hatching rate (day-1) |
| f L | Larval development rate (day-1) |
| f P | Pupal development rate (day-1) |
| m L | Larval mortality rate (day-1) |
| m P | Pupal mortality rate (day-1) |
| m A | Adult mortality rate (day-1) |
| β | Oviposition rate by each female (day-1) |
| f Ag | Gestating adult development rate (day-1) |
| k L | Environmental carrying capacity for larvae (ha-1) |
| k P | Environmental carrying capacity for pupae (ha-1) |
| z 1 | Binary function for diapause eggs oviposited |
| z 2 | Binary function for diapause egg hatching |
| z dia | Binary function for adult activity during the diapause |
| Climate-independent parameter | |
| m E | Non-diapause egg mortality rate (day-1) |
| m dia | Diapause egg mortality rate (day-1) |
| σ | Percentage of females at emergence stage |
| μ em | Emerging adult mortality rate (day-1) |
| μ r | Adult mortality rate related to seeking behavior (day-1) |
| γ Aem | Emerging adult development rate (day-1) |
| γ Ab | Blooding adult development rate (day-1) |
| γ Ao | Ovipositing adult development rate (day-1) |