Table 3.
Serum cytokine/chemokine and metabolic hormone levels in healthy pregnancy (HP) and hypertension disorder in pregnancy.
| Variables (characteristics at study visit) (pg/mL) | HP (n = 30) | Hypertension disorders in pregnancy (n = 30) |
|---|---|---|
| Interleukin (IL)-1β | 2.04 (1.79–2.43) | 1.87 (1.39–2.26) |
| IL-1 receptor antagonist | 90.58 (71.7–110.9) | 70.07 (59.8–96.73)a |
| IL-4 | 1.96 (1.74–2.39) | 1.83 (1.43–2.32) |
| IL-5 | 15.04 (12.6–16.8) | 12.46 (8.57–16.4) |
| IL-6 | 4.72 (3.83–8.6) | 4.16 (2.16–7.10)a |
| IL-7 | 26.87 (25.40–31.80) | 25.23 (21.44–34.02) |
| IL-8 | 12.76 (11.08–15.82) | 14.48 (10.28–20.31) |
| IL-10 | 2.53 (1.54–4.42) | 2.53 (1.99–7.21) |
| Il-12 | 4.45 (3.195–9.09) | 3.72 (2.68–8.16) |
| IL-9 | 24.08 (18.23–30.23) | 22.08 (19.48–27.39) |
| IL-13 | 41.86 (33.23–55.14) | 31.19 (23.94–40.08)a |
| IL-17 | 26.04 (16.42–38.13) | 22.37 (14.92–29.42) |
| Eotaxin | 50.38 (40.96–59.86) | 54.12 (43.19–58.72) |
| FGF-basic | 28.60 (15.35–42.35) | 22.73 (15.75–33.17) |
| G-CSF | 41.85 (37.29–48.28) | 39.69 (32.95–44.00) |
| Interferon (IFN)-gamma | 145.0 (125.5–187.6) | 135.3 (102.1–157.8)a |
| IFN-gamma-inducible protein (IP)-10 | 1,247 (789.5–2,010) | 978 (699.6–1,428) |
| Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 | 11.96 (7.2–15.75) | 7.16 (5.93–10.75)a |
| Macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α | 2.21 (1.77–3.15) | 2.07 (1.52–2.74) |
| Platelet-derived growth factor-BB | 3,558 (2,757–4,597) | 4,295 (3,242–5,326) |
| MIP-1β | 60.80 (48.85–78.97) | 54.06 (33.49–60.07)a |
| Rantes | 22,415 (17,813–26,419) | 21,170 (20,197–27,703) |
| Tumor necrosis factor-alpha | 29.15 (23.63–34.76) | 25.46 (20.01–30.08) |
| Vascular endothelial growth factor | 3.285 (2.19–4.38) | 3.83 (2.19––5.79) |
| C-Peptide | 2,157 (1,098–3,464) | 1,897 (1,447–4,650) |
| Ghrelin | 574.3 (448.7–777.6) | 517.8 (446.7–606.7) |
| GIP | 362.0 (243.5– 498.4) | 443.4 (317.3–830.3)a |
| GLP-1 | 296.3 (267.8–326.1) | 271.1 (242.8–316.7)a |
| Glucagon | 298.3 (279.5–329.4) | 300.7 (271.7–318.9) |
| Insulin | 1,155 (646.5–2,305) | 913.3 (552.2–2,248) |
| Leptin | 11,068 (4,872–19,974) | 12,913 (7,738–28,037) |
| Plasminogen-activating factor-1 | 102,521 (75,285–1,64,409) | 1,47,652 (1,01,855–2,40,203)a |
| Resistin | 9,584 (6,531–12,557) | 9,318 (6,095–12,101) |
| Visfatin | 1,469 (1,186–2,314) | 1,612 (1,254–2,070) |
Continuous variables are reported as median (25th–75th percentile). Mann–Whitney U test was used to determine statistical significance.
aSignificant at 5% level.