Table 2. Patients' characteristics and correlation/association of PD-L1 DNA promoter methylation (mPD-L1) with clinicopathological parameters in the training (n = 498, Probe cg19724470) and validation cohort (n = 299). mPD-L1 was dichotomized according to the respective optimized cut-off (mPD-L1low vs. mPD-L1high).
Training Cohort | Validation Cohort | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All patients | [%] | Median mPD-L1 [%] | mPD-L1low | [%] | mPD-L1high | [%] | p-value | All patients | [%] | Median mPD-L1 [%] | mPD-L1low | [%] | mPD-L1high | [%] | p-value | |
Patients [n] | 498 | 100.0 | 36.3 | 397 | 79.7 | 101 | 20.3 | 299 | 100.0 | 0.49 | 197 | 65.9 | 102 | 34.1 | ||
Patients with follow-up [n] | 410 | |||||||||||||||
Mean follow-up [months] | 22 | 66 | ||||||||||||||
Median follow-up [months] | 16 | 63 | ||||||||||||||
Age [years] | ||||||||||||||||
Mean | 61 | |||||||||||||||
Median | 61 | |||||||||||||||
≤60 | 224 | 45.0 | 33.6 | 184 | 36.9 | 40 | 8.0 | 75 | 25.1 | 0.42 | 60 | 20.1 | 15 | 5.0 | ||
>60 | 274 | 55.0 | 38.0 | 213 | 42.8 | 61 | 12.2 | 223 | 74.6 | 0.54 | 136 | 45.5 | 87 | 29.1 | ||
Unknown | 0 | 0.0 | 0.028* | 1 | 0.3 | 0.10* | ||||||||||
Tumor category | ||||||||||||||||
pT2 | 188 | 37.8 | 32.0 | 164 | 32.9 | 24 | 4.8 | 205 | 68.6 | 0.41 | 147 | 49.2 | 58 | 19.4 | ||
pT3 | 303 | 60.8 | 40.5 | 228 | 45.8 | 75 | 15.1 | 94 | 31.4 | 0.80 | 50 | 16.7 | 44 | 14.7 | ||
Unknown | 7 | 1.4 | <0.001* | 1 | 0.3 | 0.010* | ||||||||||
ISUP grading group (Gleason) | ||||||||||||||||
1 (<7) | 45 | 9.0 | 27.4 | 40 | 8.0 | 5 | 1.0 | 166 | 55.5 | 0.34 | 123 | 41.1 | 43 | 14.4 | ||
2 (3+4) | 147 | 29.5 | 33.4 | 127 | 25.5 | 20 | 4.0 | 54 | 18.1 | 0.85 | 29 | 9.7 | 25 | 8.4 | ||
3 (4+3) | 101 | 20.3 | 37.4 | 84 | 16.9 | 17 | 3.4 | 24 | 8.0 | 0.35 | 17 | 5.7 | 7 | 2.3 | ||
4 (=8) | 64 | 12.9 | 34.9 | 46 | 9.2 | 18 | 3.6 | 37 | 12.4 | 0.82 | 21 | 7.0 | 16 | 5.4 | ||
5 (>8) | 141 | 28.3 | 41.2 | 100 | 20.1 | 41 | 8.2 | 16 | 5.4 | 1.52 | 5 | 1.7 | 11 | 3.7 | ||
Unknown | 0 | 0.0 | 0.001† | 2 | 0.7 | 0.001† | ||||||||||
Surgical margin | ||||||||||||||||
R0 | 316 | 63.5 | 33.8 | 267 | 53.6 | 49 | 9.8 | 197 | 65.9 | 0.47 | 132 | 44.1 | 65 | 22.7 | ||
R1 | 152 | 30.5 | 40.7 | 109 | 21.9 | 43 | 8.6 | 98 | 32.8 | 0.61 | 61 | 20.4 | 37 | 12.4 | ||
Unknown | 30 | 6.0 | 0.013* | 4 | 1.3 | 0.14* | ||||||||||
Nodal category | ||||||||||||||||
pN0 | 346 | 69.5 | 36.5 | 274 | 55.0 | 72 | 14.5 | 278 | 93.0 | 0.49 | 185 | 61.9 | 93 | 31.1 | ||
pN1 | 79 | 15.9 | 36.4 | 61 | 12.2 | 18 | 3.6 | 20 | 6.7 | 0.48 | 11 | 3.7 | 9 | 3.0 | ||
Unknown | 73 | 14.7 | 0.88* | 1 | 0.3 | 0.90* | ||||||||||
Pre-surgical PSA [ng/ml] | ||||||||||||||||
0-4 | 53 | 10.6 | 29.8 | 48 | 9.6 | 5 | 1.0 | 27 | 9.0 | 0.77 | 16 | 5.4 | 11 | 3.7 | ||
4-10 | 286 | 57.4 | 35.2 | 229 | 46.0 | 57 | 11.4 | 173 | 57.9 | 0.42 | 121 | 40.5 | 52 | 17.4 | ||
>10 | 156 | 31.3 | 40.5 | 118 | 23.7 | 38 | 7.6 | 86 | 28.8 | 0.61 | 52 | 17.4 | 34 | 11.4 | ||
Unknown | 3 | 0.6 | 0.11† | 13 | 4.3 | 0.72† | ||||||||||
ERG# | ||||||||||||||||
Negative | 178 | 35.7 | 34.4 | 146 | 29.3 | 32 | 6.4 | 145 | 48.5 | 0.57 | 94 | 31.4 | 51 | 17.1 | ||
Positive | 152 | 30.5 | 40.6 | 121 | 24.3 | 31 | 6.2 | 65 | 21.7 | 0.88 | 35 | 11.7 | 30 | 10.0 | ||
Unknown | 168 | 33.7 | 0.022* | 89 | 29.8 | 0.19* | ||||||||||
AR score§ | ||||||||||||||||
Negative | 166 | 33.3 | 36.6 | 136 | 27.3 | 30 | 6.0 | 83 | 27.8 | 0.33 | 54 | 18.1 | 29 | 9.7 | ||
Positive | 167 | 33.5 | 37.7 | 134 | 26.9 | 33 | 6.6 | 81 | 27.1 | 0.71 | 54 | 18.1 | 27 | 9.0 | ||
Unknown | 165 | 33.1 | 0.79* | 136 | 45.5 | 0.24* |