FIG. 5.

Codelivery of BMP-2 and phenamil using Ap-PLGA scaffold synergistically acts as bone repair in a critical-sized (5 × 5 mm) mandibular defect created in rat at 8 weeks postoperatively. (A) Raw mandible tissues were extracted from rat mandible. (B) μCT images of mandibular defects treated with Ap-PLGA scaffolds loaded with BMP-2 and phenamil. Red square indicates the original defect. Quantification of percent bone surface area (C), percent BV/TV (D), and TN (mm⁻¹) (E). Data presented as mean ± SD (n = 5/group), *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 versus blank scaffold. μCT, microcomputerized tomography; BV/TV, bone volume/total volume; H BMP, high-dose BMP-2 (2.5 μg); L BMP, low-dose BMP-2 (1.25 μg); Phe, phenamil (300 μM); TN, trabecular number. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tea