Table 4. Cognitive performance in the SMD subtypes.
| HC-like SMD (n = 75) | AD-like SMD (n = 11) | MANOVA/MANCOVA* | Post-hoc ANOVA/ANCOVA |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p-value | BH corrected p-value | |||||
| Stroop-colours | M(SD) | 15.0 (3.3) | 16.6 (4.5) | Multivariate effect: 0.140 | 0.341 | 0.880 |
| Z-score | 0.4 | 0.4 | ||||
| Stroop-words | M(SD) | 19.6 (4.9) | 22.6 (4.4) | 0.039*1 | 0.468*1 | |
| Z-score | 0.3 | 0.8 | ||||
| Stroop-interference | M(SD) | 33.5 (11.5) | 40.5 (13.0) | 0.033 | 0.429 | |
| Z-score | -0.3 | 0.1 | ||||
| Digit Symbol-Coding | M(SD) | 57.0 (12.0) | 47.8 (12.8) | 0.043 | 0.473 | |
| Z-score | 0.4 | −0.1 | ||||
| Digit Span | M(SD) | 17.7 (4.0) | 17.5 (1.7) | 0.735 | 0.880 | |
| Z-score | 0.6 | 0.5 | ||||
| CVLT-II Learning | M(SD) | 50.5 (10.3) | 48.4 (13.8) | 0.493 | 0.880 | |
| Z-score | 1.0 | 1.1 | ||||
| CVLT-II Delayed recall | M(SD) | 11.5 (3.1) | 10.0 (4.0) | 0.212 | 0.880 | |
| Z-score | 0.8 | 0.5 | ||||
| CVLT-II Recognition | M(SD) | 15.0 (1.6) | 15.5 (0.8) | 0.302 | 0.880 | |
| Z-score | 0.3 | 0.6 | ||||
| RCFT Copy | M(SD) | 31.2 (3.7) | 31.5 (2.2) | 0.740 | 0.880 | |
| Z-score | −0.4 | −0.3 | ||||
| RCFT Delayed recall | M(SD) | 16.7 (6.1) | 12.0 (4.0) | 0.017*2 | 0.238*2 | |
| Z-score | 0.8 | −0.1 | ||||
| RCFT Recognition | M(SD) | 20.5 (2.2) | 20.4 (1.8) | 0.684 | 0.880 | |
| Z-score | 0.4 | 0.4 | ||||
| BNT | M(SD) | 27.6 (2.1) | 27.5 (2.7) | 0.880 | 0.880 | |
| Z-score | 0.8 | 0.7 | ||||
| VF-letter | M(SD) | 40.3 (12.7) | 41.7 (12.2) | 0.665 | 0.880 | |
| Z-score | 0.6 | 0.7 | ||||
| VF-category | M(SD) | 36.9 (7.7) | 35.3 (4.2) | 0.420 | 0.880 | |
| Z-score | 0.5 | 0.3 | ||||
Performance is measured as time in Stroop and number of correct responses in the other cognitive tests. Z-scores were calculated using age- and education-corrected Australian normative values. *Results from the MANCOVA are marked with *. *1p = 0.055 (uncorrected) and p = 0.440 (after Benjamini-Hochberg’s correction) when controlling for age, gender, education level and HADS-D; *2 p = 0.004 (uncorrected) and p = 0.040 (after Benjamini-Hochberg´s correction) when controlling for age, gender, education level and HADS-D. M(SD) = mean (standard deviation); SMD = subjective memory decline; HC-like SMD = SMD individuals evidencing a healthy-like pattern of brain atrophy; AD-like SMD = SMD individuals evidencing an Alzheimer’s disease-like pattern of brain atrophy; BH = Benjamini-Hochberg; CVLT-II = California Verbal Learning Test-Second edition; RCFT = Rey Complex Figure Test; BNT = Boston Naming Test; VF = Verbal Fluency.