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. 2017 Mar 13;7:44217. doi: 10.1038/srep44217

Figure 6. GC activates the phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (p-AMPKα) signalling pathway to regulate lipid metabolism in the liver.

Figure 6

An HC diet increased the concentration of GC in the plasma and AMPKα activation. Activated AMPKα increases the expression and transcriptional activity of PPARα, thereby increasing the expression of lipolytic genes, including CPT-1, CPT-2, L-FABP and ACO. AMPKα activation inhibits the expression and transcriptional activity of SREBP-1c, thereby reducing the expression of lipogenic genes, including ACC, FAS, and SCD-1. In addition, activated AMPKα directly phosphorylates and inhibits ACC. Consequently, an HC diet increases lipolysis and reduces lipid synthesis in the livers of lactating cows.