TABLE 1.

Review inclusion and exclusion criteria

	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
All reports	Reports including a smartphone application with a nutrition-improvement focus	Reports including an application with no specific nutrition-improvement focus [e.g., fitness applications or dietary tracking only with no within-application feedback or nutrition education delivery (controlled self-monitoring trials excluded)]
	Reports providing data regarding a relevant smartphone application characteristic as identified by the subobjectives	Reports with inadequate descriptions of all application characteristics
	Participants and target users living independently within a community	Participants and target users that are preschool-aged children (aged <12 y) or clinical populations with dietary treatments that extend beyond national healthy eating guidelines (for example, coeliac disease, allergy) but including overweight and obese, hypertensive, cardiovascular disease, and diabetic populations
	Applications intended for use in the community setting	Applications intended for use in a primary, clinical, or acute care setting
	Any published peer-reviewed literature	Review articles, commentaries, and theses or dissertations
	Full reports published in English language after 2008 in which data were collected after 2008	Abstracts or brief reports, those not in English, or those with pre-2008 data collection or publication date
Additional criteria for reports of controlled trials	Reports describing programs using a smartphone application as a primary or complementary program delivery tool	Reports of social media, eHealth, text messaging, or other online programs not specifying the use of a smartphone application
	Reports describing programs with nutrition content delivery via a smartphone application as a primary or complementary component, or studies assessing the impact of dietary self-monitoring by using a smartphone application on dietary improvement	Reports of programs with no nutrition content delivered via the application, in which applications were used to record dietary intake without responsive in-application–generated feedback/education, or in which applications were used only for research data collection without an explicit participant self-monitoring objective
	Reports describing programs delivered in the community setting	Reports describing interventions or programs delivered in a primary, clinical, or acute care setting