TABLE 1.
Double-blind randomized controlled trials evaluating MFGM supplementation in early infancy (identified on 1 September 2016)1
| Site | Number of infants in final analysis of MFGM-supplemented/control groups | Age at intervention | MFGM supplement | Primary outcome2 | Secondary outcomes2 | Reference |
| Indonesia | 29/30 | <8 wk to 6 mo | Complex milk lipids (AnmumInfacare; Fonterra Cooperative Group) | Higher general IQ, hand and eye coordination IQ, and performance IQ on Griffiths scale at 24 wk | Higher serum gangliosides GM3 and GD3 | (25) |
| Sweden | 73/68 | <2 mo to 6 mo | Lacprodan MFGM-10 (Arla Foods Ingredients) | Higher cognitive score on Bayley-III at 12 mo | Lower incidence of otitis media; higher serum cholesterol | (26–28) |
| France and Italy | 47 (MFGM-L) + 52 (MFGM-P)/45 | 14 d to 4 mo | MFGM-L: Lipid-rich MFGM fraction (Fonterra Cooperative Group) | Noninferior weight gain for both groups ≤4 mo | Higher rate of eczema in the MFGM-P group | (29) |
| MFGM-P: Lacprodan MFGM-10 (Arla Foods Ingredients) |
1
Bayley-III, Bayley Scales of Infant Development, 3rd edition; IQ, intelligence quotient; MFGM, milk fat globule membrane; MFGM-L, lipid-rich milk fat globule membrane fraction; MFGM-P, protein-rich milk fat globule membrane fraction.
2
For MFGM-supplemented groups in relation to the formula-fed control group.