Table 1.

Characteristics of HIV-1-infected patients and healthy controls.

	Healthy control	Acute HIV-1-infected patients	Chronic cART-naïve HIV-1-infected patients	Chronic HIV-1-infected patients with cART
Cases, no	42	37	31	63
Age (years)	29.6 (20–50)	31.4 (22–49)	30.3 (20–52)	32.8 (21–54)
HIV-RNA (copies/ml)	NA	666,265.6 (3,685–5,536,452)	26,347.3 (567–147,548)	TND
CD4 (cells/μl)	716 (427–1,322)	353 (137–497)	447 (238–756)	562 (176–897)
CD4/CD8 ratio	1.58 (0.63–2.59)	0.35 (0.12–1.58)	0.64 (0.24–1.62)	1.07 (0.33–2.36)

Data are presented as the means with ranges.

cART, combined antiretroviral therapy; NA, not available; TND, target not detected.