Table 2. Pair-wise meta-analyses of direct comparisons between the five drugs.
| Endpoints | Direct comparisons | I2 | PH values | OR (95% CI) | POR values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tumor Recurrence | MMC vs. BCG | 31.58% | 0.234 | 1.07 (0.89, 1.29) | 0.593 |
| GEM vs. BCG | 52.37% | 0.122 | 1.01 (0.64, 1.61) | 0.829 | |
| EPI vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.402 | 1.58 (1.32, 1.90) | < 0.001 | |
| BCG + MMC vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.058 | 0.25 (0.10, 0.61) | 0.002 | |
| BCG + EPI vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.672 | 0.76 (0.48, 1.21) | 0.254 | |
| BCG + INH vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.764 | 1.07 (0.85, 1.35) | 0.547 | |
| MMC vs. GEM | - | - | 1.44 (0.68. 3.07) | 0.345 | |
| MMC vs. BCG + MMC | 0.00% | 0.630 | 1.11 (0.75, 1.64) | 0.617 | |
| Tumor Progression | MMC vs. BCG | 91.64% | <.0001 | 3.05 (2.24, 4.17) | < 0.001 |
| GEM vs. BCG | 42.79% | 0.182 | 1.09 (0.55, 2.17) | 0.797 | |
| EPI vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.351 | 1.71 (1.16, 2.53) | 0.007 | |
| BCG + MMC vs. BCG | 2.30% | 0.312 | 0.91 (0.52, 1.59) | 0.741 | |
| BCG + EPI vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.999 | 0.52 (0.19, 1.44) | 0.209 | |
| BCG + INH vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.582 | 1.40 (0.84. 2.32) | 0.193 | |
| MMC vs. GEM | - | - | 1.64 (0.56, 4.82) | 0.371 | |
| MMC vs. BCG + MMC | 0.00% | 0.852 | 1.17 (0.50, 2.72) | 0.722 | |
| Disease-specific Mortality | MMC vs. BCG | 17.96% | 0.303 | 1.14 (0.66, 1.98) | 0.634 |
| EPI vs. BCG | 51.78% | 0.102 | 1.42 (0.89, 2.24) | 0.324 | |
| BCG + MMC vs. BCG | 22.63% | 0.204 | 0.76 (0.43, 1.34) | 0.335 | |
| BCG + EPI vs. BCG | - | - | 1.05 (0.06, 17.95) | 0.973 | |
| BCG + INH vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.646 | 1.32 (0.65, 2.69) | 0.442 | |
| MMC vs. BCG + MMC | - | - | 1.05 (0.38, 2.90) | 0.925 | |
| Fever | MMC vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.807 | 0.22 (0.13, 0.38) | < 0.001 |
| EPI vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.813 | 0.40 (0.08, 2.16) | 0.289 | |
| BCG + MMC vs. BCG | 56.00% | 0.132 | 0.83 (0.51, 1.34) | 0.428 | |
| BCG + EPI vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.565 | 0.49 (0.11, 2.11) | 0.340 | |
| BCG + INH vs. BCG | - | - | 1.92 (1.25, 2.94) | 0.003 | |
| Cystitis | MMC vs. BCG | 57.80% | 0.096 | 0.89 (0.62, 1.27) | 0.513 |
| EPI vs. BCG | 46.53% | 0.166 | 0.64 (0.48, 0.86) | 0.003 | |
| BCG + EPI vs. BCG | - | - | 0.44 (0.23, 0.86) | 0.016 | |
| BCG + INH vs. BCG | - | - | 1.03 (0.76, 1.41) | 0.839 | |
| MMC vs. GEM | - | - | 3.93 (1.05, 14.70) | 0.042 | |
| Haematuria | MMC vs. BCG | 66.89% | 0.040 | 0.55 (0.41, 0.75) | 0.011 |
| GEM vs. BCG | - | - | 0.40 (0.07, 2.18) | 0.290 | |
| EPI vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.627 | 0.54 (0.39, 0.74) | 0.0001 | |
| BCG + EPI vs. BCG | 0.00% | 0.511 | 0.42 (0.13, 1.31) | 0.135 | |
| BCG + INH vs. BCG | - | - | 0.85 (0.60, 1.20) | 0.357 | |
| MMC vs. GEM | - | - | 1.96 (0.35, 11.17) | 0.447 |
*H: heterogeneity; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; BCG: Bacille Calmette Guerin; MMC: Mytomicin C; GEM: Gemcitabine; EPI: Epirubicin; INH: Isoniazid.