Table 1. The characteristics of the study subjects with transient elastography measurement (n = 76) available by AF status.
| AF (n = 36) | non-AF (n = 40) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) (men) | 29 (81%) | 32 (80%) | 0.952 |
| Age (years) | 73 (± 5) | 72 (± 5) | 0.285 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.2 (± 4) | 30.1 (± 4) | 0.964 |
| Waist (cm) | 103 (± 11) | 103 (± 13) | 0.920 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 132 (± 24) | 139 (± 18) | 0.128 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 72 (± 11) | 74 (± 11) | 0.346 |
| Heart rate (/min) | 69 (± 14) | 70 (± 13) | 0.581 |
| Alcohol/week (g) | 37 (± 54) | 37 (± 48) | 0.964 |
| Smoking (pack years) | 15 (± 24) | 12 (± 20) | 0.639 |
| Hypertensives, n (%) | 31 (86%) | 32 (80%) | 0.480 |
| CAD, n (%) | 15 (42%) | 11 (28%) | 0.194 |
| LVMI (g/m2)** | 122 (± 24) | 126 (± 27) | 0.534 |
| LAD (mm)** | 49 (± 9) | 40 (± 5) | <0.001 |
| CKD-Epi (ml/min) | 78 (± 19) | 85 (± 11) | 0.062 |
| Leptin (ng/L) | 16 (± 12) | 17 (± 19) | 0.777 |
| Adiponectin (ug/mL) | 14 (± 9) | 12 (± 6) | 0.226 |
| Resistin (ng/mL)* | 13 (± 5) | 10 (± 3) | 0.108 |
| ALT (U/L) | 28 (± 19) | 30 (± 16) | 0.691 |
| GGT (U/L) | 53 (± 31) | 35 (± 29) | 0.011 |
| Alb (g/L) | 39 (± 3) | 41 (± 3) | 0.030 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.2 (± 0.9) | 4.5 (± 0.9) | 0.137 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.4 (± 0.7) | 2.8 (± 1.0) | 0.023 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.3 (± 0.5) | 1.3 (± 0.3) | 0.992 |
| HbA1C% (%) | 6.4 (± 1.1) | 6.2 (± 0.9) | 0.344 |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 2.5 (± 2.4) | 2.0 (± 2.3) | 0.407 |
| TSH (mU/L) | 2.7 (± 1.7) | 2.4 (± 1.2) | 0.370 |
| Quicki (L/mmol) | 0.50 (± 0.10) | 0.50 (± 0.07) | 0.914 |
| ACE inhibitor, n (%) | 16 (44%) | 13 (33%) | 0.284 |
| Lipid lowering drugs, n (%) | 25 (69%) | 20 (50%) | 0.085 |
The continuous variables are expressed as mean values ± standard deviation and the categorical variables as absolute numbers, with percentage in brackets.
The differences were tested by the ANOVA test for the continuous variables and Pearson Chi-Squared test for categorical variables. The abbreviations are as follows: BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LAD, left atrial diameter; CKD-Epi, Glomerular filtration rate by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; Alb, albumin; LDL, Low-density lipoprotein; HDL, High-density lipoprotein; HbA1C%, glycosylated hemoglobin A1C; hs-CRP high sensitive C-reactive protein; TSH thyroid stimulating hormone; Quicki (surrogate for insulin resistance, Quicki = 1/[log (fasting insulin)+log (fasting glucose)]); ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. The reported heart rate is the heart rate of the third measurement of the blood pressure. The reported systolic and diastolic blood pressures are the means of the second and third blood pressure measurements during the control visit. Of 36 subjects with AF (mean duration 109 months), 10 had paroxysmal (mean duration 117 months, range 35–226 months) and 26 chronic (mean duration 106 months, range 27–303 months) AF.
* Data available on 24 subjects
** Data available on 75 subjects.