1.

Sociodemographic and disease characteristics of the patients (N=363)

Item	n	Proportion (%)	Attitude scores		F/t		Item	n	Proportion (%)	Attitude scores		F/t
			Mean	SD						Mean	SD
SD, standard deviation; *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01.
Gender					0.224		Others	19	5.23	2.90	0.53
Male	190	52.34	2.97	0.46			Number of previous surgeries (N=362)					2.639
Female	173	47.66	2.96	0.51			0	167	46.13	3.00	0.48
Age (year)					0.199		1	164	45.30	2.96	0.49
≤44	74	20.39	2.98	0.50			>1	31	8.57	2.78	0.50
45–59	143	39.39	2.98	0.48			Number of previous chemotherapy treatments (N=358)					0.590
≥60	146	40.22	2.94	0.49			0	112	31.28	2.94	0.46
Education					0.528		1–3	116	32.40	2.94	0.47
Primary school or below	56	15.43	3.00	0.43			4–8	100	27.93	3.02	0.53
Middle school	107	29.48	2.98	0.49			>9	30	8.39	2.95	0.53
Technical secondary school/high school	99	27.27	2.91	0.48			Current chemotherapy					–0.602
Associate’s degree or above	101	27.82	2.96	0.53			Yes	269	74.10	2.95	0.48
Marital status					0.297		No	94	25.90	2.99	0.51
Unmarried	10	2.75	2.98	0.53			Number of previous radiotherapy treatments (N=362)					3.616*
Married	349	96.15	2.96	0.49			0	284	78.45	3.00	0.47
Widowed	4	1.10	3.15	0.31			1	52	14.36	2.83	0.56
Career					0.697		>1	26	7.19	2.83	0.46
Worker	80	22.04	3.01	0.48			Current radiotherapy					0.641
Peasant	101	27.82	3.00	0.45			Yes	42	11.57	3.01	0.50
Employee of an enterprise or public institution	140	38.57	2.92	0.54			NoMetastasis	321	88.43	2.96	0.49	–2.678**
Freelancers	14	3.86	2.87	0.41			Yes	165	45.45	2.89	0.52
Others	28	7.71	2.93	0.42			No	198	54.55	3.03	0.45
Average monthly family income (RMB)					1.395		Pain location					1.182
≤1,000	31	8.54	2.88	0.48			Single	291	80.17	2.98	0.48
1,001–3,000	105	28.93	3.01	0.49			Multiple	72	19.83	2.90	0.52
3,001–6,000	159	43.80	2.93	0.49			Duration of pain (h)					0.396
6,001–10,000	42	11.57	3.08	0.47			<1	68	23.86	2.95	0.51
>10,000	26	7.16	2.89	0.48			1–24	135	47.37	2.94	0.49
Hospital charges paid by					–0.162		>24	82	28.77	2.89	0.51
Public health service and medical insurance	259	71.35	2.96	0.50			Degree of pain relief<30%5715.70			3.11	0.43	14.667**
New rural cooperative health service and self-paid	104	28.65	2.97	0.44			30%–50%51%–70%	12171	33.3419.56	3.022.97	0.400.56
Disease diagnosis					0.983		>70%	114	31.40	2.82	0.52
Lung cancer	128	35.26	2.90	0.45			Pain knowledge of patients					6.801**
Oral, nasopharyngeal, esophageal and gastrointestinal cancers	96	26.45	3.03	0.50			<50≥50	196167	0.540.46	3.112.78	0.450.47
Breast cancer	63	17.36	3.01	0.49			Attitudes towards pain management of caregivers					–4.508**
Liver and pancreatic cancers and lymphoma	31	8.54	2.92	0.54			<2.5≥2.5	44319	0.120.88	2.663.00	0.460.48
Kidney, ureter, bladder, ovarian and uterine cancers	26	7.16	2.98	0.51