TABLE 1.
Families of Neuroprotective Agents and Their Prototype Drugs
| Proposed Mechanism of Neuroprotection | Drugs | Clinical Trials and Results |
|---|---|---|
| Glutamate receptor antagonists | ||
| NMDA antagonists | Selfotel (CGS19755) | Complete/no benefit |
| Eliprodil | Halted/no benefit | |
| Aptiganel (Cerestat, CNS1102) | Complete/no benefit | |
| MgSO4 | Ongoing/result pending | |
| AMPA antagonist | YM872 | Ongoing/result pending |
| Ion channel modulators | ||
| Calcium channel blockers | Nimodipine | Complete/no benefit |
| Flunarizine | Complete/no benefit | |
| Sodium channel blockers | Fosphenytoin | Complete/no benefit |
| Potassium channel activator | Maxipost (BMS-204352) | Complete/no benefit |
| Anti-inflammatory agents | Enlimomab | Complete/worsening |
| LeukArrest (Hu23F2G) | Halted/no benefit | |
| rNIF | Halted/no benefit | |
| Free radical scavengers | Tirilazad (U70046F) | Complete/no benefit |
| Citicoline (cytidyl diphosphocholine) | Complete/no benefit | |
| Ebselen | Ongoing/result pending | |
| NXY-059 | Ongoing/result pending |