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Chemical structure of memantine. Several important features are 1) the three-ring structure, 2) the bridgehead amine (−NH2 group), which is charged at the physiological pH of the body (−NH3+) and represents the region of memantine that binds at or near the Mg2+ binding site in the NMDA receptor-associated ion channel, and 3) the methyl group (−CH3) side-chains (unlike amantadine), which serve to stabilize the interaction of memantine in the channel region of the NMDA receptor.
