Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of participants screened*
| Total (N = 1119, 100%) n (col %) |
Enrolled (n = 433, 38.7%) n (row %) |
Not enrolled (n = 686, 61.3%) n (row %) |
P value | χ2 estimates OR (95%CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All sites | |||||
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 346 (31) | 123 (36) | 223 (65) | 0.16 | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) |
| Male | 773 (69) | 310 (40) | 463 (60) | Reference | |
| Age group, years | |||||
| ≤35 | 626 (56) | 280 (45) | 346 (55) | 0.00† | Reference |
| >35 | 491 (44) | 153 (31) | 338 (69) | 1.8 (1.4–2.3) | |
| Unknown | 2 (0) | 0 | 2 (100) | — | — |
| Median [IQR] | 34 [26–46] | 32 [25–41] | 35 [27–50] | ||
| Study site country | |||||
| Brazil | 25 (2) | 21 (84) | 4 (16) | 0.00† | 0.2 (0.1–0.5) |
| Canada | 91 (8) | 6 (7) | 85 (93) | 12.4 (5.1–30.3) | |
| South Africa | 113 (10) | 40 (35) | 73 (65) | 1.6 (1.0–2.5) | |
| Spain | 32 (3) | 15 (47) | 17 (53) | 1.0 (0.5–2.0) | |
| Uganda | 433 (39) | 202 (47) | 231 (53) | Reference | |
| USA | 425 (38) | 149 (35) | 276 (65) | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) | |
| North America only | |||||
| Place of birth (North America vs. other)‡ | |||||
| USA/Canada | 150 (29) | 58 (39) | 92 (61) | 0.84 | Reference |
| All other | 255 (49) | 96 (38) | 159 (62) | 1.0 (0.7–1.6) | |
| Not reported/unknown | 111 (22) | 1 (1) | 110 (99) | — | — |
| Place of birth (North America vs. WHO regions)‡ | |||||
| USA/Canada | 150 (29) | 58 (39) | 92 (61) | 0.04† | Reference |
| Africa | 38 (7) | 10 (26) | 28 (74) | 1.8 (0.8–3.9) | |
| Americas (other than US and Canada) | 123 (24) | 59 (48) | 64 (52) | 0.7 (0.4–1.1) | |
| Eastern Mediterranean | 10 (2) | 1 (10) | 9 (90) | 5.7 (0.7–46.0) | |
| Europe | 10 (2) | 2 (20) | 8 (80) | 2.5 (0.5–12.3) | |
| South–East Asia | 16 (3) | 5 (31) | 11 (69) | 1.4 (0.5–4.2) | |
| Western Pacific | 58 (11) | 19 (33) | 39 (67) | 1.3 (0.7–2.5) | |
| Not reported/unknown | 111 (22) | 1 (1) | 110 (99) | — | — |
| Ethnicity | |||||
| Non-Hispanic | 303 (59) | 90 (30) | 213 (70) | 0.09 | Reference |
| Hispanic | 174 (34) | 65 (37) | 109 (63) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | |
| Not reported/unknown | 39 (8) | 0 | 39 (100) | — | — |
| Race | |||||
| White | 242 (47) | 81 (34) | 161 (67) | 0.39 | Reference |
| Black | 147 (28) | 40 (27) | 107 (73) | 1.3 (0.9–2.1) | |
| Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 81 (16) | 25 (31) | 56 (69) | 1.1 (0.7–1.9) | |
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 13 (3) | 6 (46) | 7 (54) | 0.6 (0.2–1.8) | |
| Not reported/unknown | 33 (6) | 3 (9) | 30 (91) | — | — |
*
Totals and percentages may not always add up due to rounding.
†
Indicates χ2 P values and OR that are statistically significant at 5%.
‡
Grouped by the six WHO member regions; USA/Canada considered as a reference for the analysis.
OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; IQR = interquartile range; WHO = World Health Organization