Fig. 1.

Diagram of the zebra finch auditory brain pathways and histological verification of electrode placement. A: 2 separate ascending pathways carry auditory information to the forebrain. Auditory input to NCM is relayed primarily by field L, whereas HVC receives input from interfacial nucleus of the nidopallium (NIf). Parts of caudal mesopallium (CM) are also reciprocally connected to NCM and HVC [via subsection avalanche (Av), see text for citations]. MLd, dorsal lateral mesencephalon; Ov, ovoidalis; Uva, uvaeformis; NCM, caudal medial nidopallium. B and C: darkfield photomicrographs of brain sections and DiI-labeled electrode tracks. Top is dorsal; right is anterior. Scaled drawings of the electrodes were used to include the recording sites that targeted NCM (B) and HVC (C) in statistical analyses. HPC, hippocampus.