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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Cardiol. 2016 Dec 22;14(4):238–250. doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2016.203

Figure 4. Impaired mitochondrial energy production along the inner membrane.

Figure 4

Enzyme complexes responsible for energy production are packed into the mitochondrial inner membrane, often with the help of phospholipids such as cardiolipin. Failing mitochondria often display altered morphology, decreased ATP-generating capacity, heightened production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), abnormal cardiolipin levels, and impaired supercomplexes.