Table 2.
Multivariable Regression Analysis for Outcomes with Early TIPS vs. No TIPS or Rescue TIPS in Patients with Cirrhosis and Acute Esophageal Variceal Bleeding (n = 142,539).
| Outcome | P value | RRa (95% CI) |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Early TIPS versus No TIPS |
Early TIPS | No TIPS | |||
| In-hospital death | 1.5% | 5.6% | <0.01 | 0.87 (0.84, 0.90) |
<0.01 |
| In-hospital rebleeding | 0.5% | 15.4% | <0.01 | 0.56 (0.45, 0.71) |
<0.01 |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 30.1% | 27.3% | 0.19 | 1.01 (0.93, 1.11) |
0.62 |
| Sepsis | 7.5% | 7.1% | 0.38 | 1.28 (0.75, 2.19) |
0.40 |
| Mean length of stay (days) | 5.1 | 4.7 | 0.05 | 0.6 (−0.3 to 1.0)b |
0.18 |
| Mean hospitalization cost (U.S. $) |
42,789 | 34,154 | <0.01 | 8,226.68 (3,807.33 to 18,137.42)b |
<0.01 |
|
Early TIPS versus Rescue TIPS |
Early TIPS |
Rescue TIPS |
|||
| In-hospital death | 1.5% | 8.1% | <0.01 | 0.85 (0.82, 0.88) |
<0.01 |
| In-hospital rebleeding | 0.5% | 2.2% | <0.01 | 0.57 (0.50, 0.64) |
<0.01 |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 30.1% | 29.5% | 0.15 | 0.97 (0.95, 1.02) |
0.22 |
| Sepsis | 7.5% | 7.3% | 0.22 | 0.83 (0.66, 1.04) |
0.32 |
| Mean length of stay (days) | 5.1 | 9.6 | <0.01 | −4.6 (−5.1 to −4.3)b |
<0.01 |
| Mean hospitalization cost (U.S. $) |
42,789 | 58,982 | <0.01 | −7,288.37 (− 8,922.45 to − 6,697.62)b |
<0.01 |
a
Adjusted for age, ethnicity, sex, Elixhauser Comorbidities, and Baveno V stage (i.e. presence or absence ascites)
b
Adjusted absolute difference (95% CI)