Table 2.
Echocardiographic characteristics of NC and HFD mice treated with β‐adrenergic stimulation (ISO, 0.2 mg kg−1, i.p.)
| Paramter | NC | NC + ISO | HFD | HFD + ISO |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (beats min−1) | 419 ± 14.42 | 603 ± 9.16*** | 411 ± 21.40 | 617 ± 13.10*** |
| IVS;d (mm) | 0.67 ± 0.05 | 0.83 ± 0.09 | 0.69 ± 0.06 | 0.81 ± 0.06 |
| IVS;s (mm) | 0.94 ± 0.10 | 1.39 ± 0.12* | 1.28 ± 0.36 | 1.27 ± 0.12 |
| LVID;d (mm) | 3.67 ± 0.07 | 3.18 ± 0.08 | 3.64 ± 0.19 | 3.23 ± 0.26 |
| LVID;s (mm) | 2.53 ± 0.09 | 1.41 ± 0.10* | 2.32 ± 0.26 | 1.69 ± 0.29 |
| LVPW;d (mm) | 0.73 ± 0.06 | 0.72 ± 0.07 | 0.79 ± 0.03 | 0.82 ± 0.11 |
| LVPW;s (mm) | 1.05 ± 0.06 | 1.17 ± 0.11 | 1.09 ± 0.07 | 1.2 ± 0.15 |
| EF (%) | 57.94 ± 2.22 | 88.25 ± 1.79*** | 60.54 ± 1.27 | 76.25 ± 2.58***## |
| FS (%) | 30.07 ± 1.53 | 57.66 ± 2.45*** | 31.81 ± 0.92 | 44.14 ± 6.15***## |
| LV mass (mg) | 88.04 ± 6.70 | 73.8 ± 7.06 | 94.91 ± 4.59 | 80.76 ± 6.67 |
| LV mass (corrected) | 68.84 ± 5.36 | 59.04 ± 5.65 | 75.93 ± 3.67 | 64.61 ± 5.33 |
| LV Vol;d (μI) | 58.43 ± 2.12 | 38.4 ± 3.82*** | 62.2 ± 3.46 | 40.91 ± 3.64*** |
| LV Vol;s (μI) | 24.66 ± 1.80 | 4.38 ± 0.75*** | 24.44 ± 1.22 | 9.9 ± 1.73*** |
Results are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 8 per group). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001 compared with the control group. ## P < 0.01 compared with the NC + ISO group. Abbreviations: EF, ejection fraction; FS, fractional shortening; HFD, high‐fat diet; HR, heart rate; ISO, isoproterenol; IVS;s and IVS;d, interventricular septal wall thickness at systole and diastole; LVID;s and LVID;d, left ventricular dimension at systole and diastole; LV mass, left ventricular mass; LV mass (corrected), LV mass corrected for body surface area LVPW;s and LVPW;d, posterior wall thickness at systole and diastole; LV Vol;s and LV Vol;d, left ventricle volume at systole and diastole; and NC, normal chow.