Table 1. Percent of selected characteristics at index date.
| Characteristica | Controls N=86,469 | Treated N=86,469 |
|---|---|---|
| Age group | ||
| 60–74 | 66.1 | 66.1 |
| 75–84 | 27.7 | 27.7 |
| 85+ | 6.3 | 6.3 |
| Gender (women) | 56.4 | 56.4 |
| Ethnicity | ||
| White | 60.2 | 79.9 |
| Non-white | 1.4 | 2.5 |
| Not recorded/Undisclosed | 38.5 | 17.5 |
| Poorer socio-economic status (3rd–5th quintile of index of multiple deprivation) | 50.3 | 52.2 |
| Body mass index | ||
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 1 | 1 |
| Normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 17.3 | 18.4 |
| Overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2) | 20.4 | 25.8 |
| Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 12.7 | 18.1 |
| Unrecorded | 48.5 | 36.8 |
| Smoking status | ||
| Never smokers | 44.6 | 41 |
| Ex-smokers | 17.6 | 21.9 |
| Current smokers | 28 | 32.6 |
| Not recorded | 9.8 | 4.4 |
| Alcohol drinking | ||
| Never/currently not | 9 | 10.6 |
| Current, known amount | 42.2 | 47.2 |
| Heavy | 9.4 | 12 |
| Current, unknown amount | 0.9 | 1 |
| Former | 2.2 | 3 |
| Undetermined | 36.4 | 26.2 |
| Charlson comorbidity index (≥1) | 39.8 | 57.6 |
| Falls (within a year before baseline) | 11.6 | 16.6 |
| Anaemia | 2.7 | 7.7 |
| Ischemic stroke | 5.5 | 9.3 |
| Coronary heart disease | 10.5 | 20.1 |
| Osteoporosis | 3.6 | 6 |
| Osteoarthritis | 19.9 | 32.6 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease | 0.2 | 4.6 |
| Vitamin D supplement | 3.9 | 9 |
| Corticosteroids | 25.2 | 44.3 |
| Oestrogen | 2.2 | 4.4 |
| Testosterone | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Anti-thyroid drugs | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| Levothyroxine | 6 | 8.6 |
a
All differences (except for gender and age groups) between the PPI-treated and controls significant at P<0.001 (χ2).