Table 5.
Subgroup analyses comparing OR of favorable outcome, stratified by intervention type and funding source
| Funding Source | Drug trials, OR (95% CI) | No. | Excluding drug trials, OR (95% CI) | No. | Drug trial, clinical endpoints, OR (95% CI) | No. | Drug trial, surrogate endpoints, OR (95% CI) | No. | Drug trial, excluding trials with free provision of study drug, OR (95% CI) | No. | Drug trial, excluding trials with free provision of study drug, OR (95% CI) | No. | Nonplacebo drug trials, OR (95% CI) | No. | Double-blind drug trials, OR (95% CI) | No. | Non-double-blind drug trials, OR (95% CI) | No. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| For-profit | 2.41 (2.05–2.83) | 118 | 1.44 (1.23–1.68) | 30 | 1.55 (1.43–1.67) | 86 | 4.1 (2.64–6.37) | 31 | 2.41 (2.05–2.83) | 118 | 2.29 (1.96–2.70) | 73 | 1.83 (1.45–2.31) | 45 | 2.01 (1.78–2.29) | 88 | 2.12 (1.48–3.03) | 30 |
| Mixed | 1.63 (1.46–1.84)a | 65 | 1.37 (1.05–1.79) | 52 | 1.37 (1.23–1.51) | 50 | 2.01 (1.46–2.77) | 15 | 1.62 (1.42–1.84) | 43 | 1.47 (1.30–1.67)a | 34 | 1.50 (0.96–1.39)a | 31 | 1.56 (1.35–1.81) | 31 | 1.26 (1.11–1.42)a | 34 |
| Nonprofit | 1.36 (1.24–1.50)a | 93 | 1.38 (1.28–1.48) | 151 | 1.29 (1.18–1.43) | 82 | 1.66 (1.11–2.47)a | 11 | 1.36 (1.24–1.50)a | 93 | 1.41 (1.25–1,57)a | 44 | 1.37 (1.11–1.71) | 49 | 1.41 (1.21–1.63)a | 48 | 1.25 (1.10–1.42)a | 45 |
aDenotes statistical difference compared with profit funded studies (p < 0.05)
bDenotes statistical difference compared with mixed funded studies (p < 0.05)