Figure 3. MGCD0103 cooperates with ara-C or DNR in inducing apoptosis and abrogates S and/or G2/M cell cycle checkpoint activation induced by ara-C or DNR in AML cells.

(A and C) THP-1 and OCI-AML3 cells were treated with MGCD0103 and ara-C or DNR, alone or in combination, for 48 h and then subjected to Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and flow cytometry analyses. ***indicates p < 0.001. (B and D) Whole cell lysates were subjected to Western blotting and probed with the indicated antibodies. The fold changes for the densitometry measurements, normalized to β-actin and then compared to no drug treatment control, are indicated. (E and F) THP-1 and OCI-AML3 cells were treated for 48 h with MGCD0103 and ara-C or DNR, alone or in combination, then fixed with ethanol and stained with PI for cell cycle analysis.