Table 1. Charactaristics in each study.
| Characteristics | Preliminary study | Training cohort | Validation cohort | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with recurrencen=5 | Patients without recurrencen=5 | P value | Patients with recurrencen=14 | Patients without recurrencen=66 | P value | Patients with recurrencen=7 | Patients without recurrencen=50 | P value | |
| Age, y | 0.402 | 0.718 | 0.519 | ||||||
| Median | 65 | 68 | 62 | 63 | 66 | 67 | |||
| Range | 58 — 78 | 60 — 71 | 32 — 78 | 38 — 83 | 40 — 76 | 43 — 85 | |||
| Sex, no. (%) | 1 | 0.730 | 0.421 | ||||||
| Male | 4 (80) | 4 (80) | 10 (71.4) | 44 (66.7) | 4 (57.1) | 36 (72.0) | |||
| Female | 1 (20) | 1 (20) | 4 (28.6) | 22 (33.3) | 3 (42.9) | 14 (28.0) | |||
| Tumor location, no. (%) | 0.490 | 0.400 | 0.006 | ||||||
| Colon | 3 (60) | 4 (80) | 7 (50.0) | 41 (62.1) | 0 (0) | 28 (56.0) | |||
| Rectum | 2 (40) | 1 (20) | 7 (50.0) | 25 (37.9) | 7 (100) | 22 (44.0) | |||
| Tumor size, mm | 0.753 | 0.563 | 0.990 | ||||||
| Median | 55 | 50 | 45 | 45 | 50 | 50 | |||
| Range | 30-74 | 35-70 | 15-140 | 20-90 | 28-70 | 20-105 | |||
| Tumor depth, no (%) | 1 | 0.048 | 0.440 | ||||||
| T3 | 5 (100) | 5 (100) | 9 (64.3) | 57 (86.4) | 6 (85.7) | 36 (7.0) | |||
| T4 | 0 | 0 | 5 (35.7) | 9 (13.6) | 1 (14.3) | 14 (28.0) | |||
| Histology, no. (%) | 1 | 0.048 | 0.438 | ||||||
| W/D and M/D | 5 (100) | 5 (100) | 12 (85.7) | 65 (98.5) | 7 (100) | 46 (92.0) | |||
| P/D and Muc | 0 | 0 | 2 (14.3) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 4 (8.0) | |||
| Lymphatic invasion, no. (%) | 1 | 0.956 | 0.076 | ||||||
| Positive | 1 (20) | 1 (20) | 1 (7.1) | 5 (7.6) | 1 (14.3) | 25 (50.0) | |||
| Negative | 4 (80) | 4 (80) | 13 (92.9) | 61 (92.4) | 6 (85.7) | 25 (50.0) | |||
| Venous invasion, no. (%) | 1 | 0.837 | 0.440 | ||||||
| Positive | 2 (40) | 2 (40) | 7 (50.0) | 31 (47.0) | 6 (85.7) | 36 (72.0) | |||
| Negative | 3 (60) | 3 (60) | 7 (50.0) | 35 (53.0) | 1 (14.3) | 14 (28.0) | |||
| Observation period, months | 0.602 | 0.723 | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Median | 107 | 74 | 70 | 75 | 48 | 83 | |||
| Range | 25 — 127 | 61 — 86 | 25 — 127 | 40 — 127 | 35 — 65 | 18 — 91 | |||
CRC: colorectal cancer, W/D: well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, M/D: moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, P/D: poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, Muc: mucinous carcinoma, RFS: relapse free survival, The differences were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square, or log-rank test. P < 0.05 denotes statistically significant difference.