Table 1.
Baseline Demographic, Sleep, and Other Characteristics of Randomized Subjects
| Variable | Overall, N = 159 | Intervention, n = 106 | Control, n = 53 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | |||
| Age, mean±SD | 72.2 ± 7.7 | 72.1 ± 7.9 | 72.4 ± 7.3 |
| Male, n (%) | 154 (96.9) | 102 (96.2) | 52 (98.1) |
| Race and ethnicity, n (%)a | |||
| Hispanic | 10 (6.3) | 7 (6.6) | 3 (5.7) |
| Black | 7 (4.4) | 6 (5.7) | 1 (1.9) |
| White | 125 (78.6) | 83 (78.3) | 42 (79.2) |
| Other | 12 (7.6) | 7 (6.6) | 5 (9.4) |
| No response | 5 (3.1) | 3 (2.8) | 2 (3.8) |
| Education | |||
| <High school | 6 (3.8) | 6 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) |
| High school graduate | 25 (15.7) | 18 (17.0) | 7 (13.2) |
| Some college | 70 (44.0) | 44 (41.5) | 26 (49.1) |
| College graduate | 30 (18.9) | 18 (17.0) | 12 (22.6) |
| Postbaccalaureate | 28 (17.6) | 20 (18.9) | 8 (15.1) |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 66 (41.5) | 43 (40.6) | 23 (43.4) |
| Living as married | 11 (6.9) | 8 (7.5) | 3 (5.7) |
| Divorced, separated | 48 (30.2) | 34 (32.1) | 14 (26.4) |
| Widowed | 14 (8.8) | 10 (9.4) | 4 (7.5) |
| Single, never married | 20 (12.6) | 11 (10.4) | 9 (17.0) |
| Employment | |||
| Not working | 121 (76.1) | 81 (76.4) | 40 (75.5) |
| Working part time | 31 (19.5) | 19 (17.9) | 12 (22.6) |
| Working full time | 7 (4.4) | 6 (5.7) | 1 (1.9) |
| Sleep measures | |||
| From sleep diary, mean ± SD | |||
| Sleep onset latency, minutes | 41.4 ± 42.4 | 43.3 ± 47.9 | 37.5 ± 28.5 |
| Wake after sleep onset, minutes | 56.6 ± 49.0 | 55.8 ± 40.3 | 58.1 ± 63.3 |
| Total wake time, minutes | 143.2 ± 88.9 | 144.0 ± 89.5 | 141.6 ± 88.5 |
| Sleep efficiency, % | 72.3 ± 15.4 | 72.0 ± 14.8 | 72.8 ± 16.8 |
| Sleep efficiency from actigraphy, %, mean±SD | 83.4 ± 6.3 | 83.7 ± 6.1 | 82.8 ± 6.9 |
| Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, total score, mean±SD | 9.1 ± 3.4 | 9.4 ± 3.5 | 8.3 ± 3.2 |
| Duration of sleep problems > 12 months, n (%) | 144 (90.6) | 96 (90.6) | 48 (90.6) |
| Insomnia Severity Index, total score, mean±SD | 11.1 ± 5.3 | 11.7 ± 5.3 | 10.1 ± 5.3 |
| Apnea–hypopnea index, mean±SD | 9.4 ± 5.3 | 9.9 ± 5.4 | 8.3 ± 5.1 |
| Other measures, mean±SD | |||
| Comorbidity indexb | 6.6 ± 3.4 | 7.0 ± 3.5 | 6.0 ± 3.0 |
| Geriatric Pain Measure 7-item pain intensity subscale | 14.8 ± 11.5 | 15.0 ± 11.6 | 14.3 ± 11.3 |
| Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score | 4.8 ± 4.3 | 5.1 ± 4.3 | 4.4 ± 4.3 |
| Medical Outcomes Study 12-item Short-form Survey v2 | |||
| Mental Component Summary | 52.8 ± 9.5 | 52.9 ± 10.0 | 52.6 ± 8.3 |
| Physical Component Summary | 45.3 ± 10.7 | 44.2 ± 10.9 | 47.6 ± 10.3 |
SD = standard deviation.
a
Participants were asked to select all that applied.
b
Total number of self-reported health conditions endorsed.