(A) Growth phenotype of 7-day-old wild-type (Col-0), cpk31-1, nip1;1–1, cpk31-1 mutant plants transformed with CPK31 expression system (InCPK31) lines 15# (InCPK31#15), 18# (InCPK31#18), and 21# (InCPK31#21) in half-strength MS agar medium containing 0 (a), 2.5 μM As (III) (b), 10 μM DEX (c), or 2.5 μM As (III) and 10 μM DEX (d). (B) Relative expression level of CPK31 in wild-type (Col-0), InCPK31#15, InCPK31#18, and InCPK31#21 lines treated with 10 μM DEX. The seedlings were obtained after 7 day DEX treatment for mRNA measurement. The relative expression of CPK31 was calculated as the ratio of CPK31 in InCPK31 lines to that in the wild type. The data are mean ± SD of three biological replicates. (C) The root length of the wild-type (Col-0), cpk31-1, nip1;1–1, InCPK31#15, InCPK31#18, and InCPK31#21 after 7 days of 10 μM DEX treatment. The data are mean ± SD of three biological replicates.