Table 3. Estimated mean and 95% confidence intervals of latent growth parameters a.
| Weight status | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Overweight | Obese | ||||
| Estimate | 95% CI | Estimate | 95% CI | Estimate | 95% CI | |
| Male | ||||||
| Outcome: BMI (kg·m2) | ||||||
| Intercept(BMI) | 23.46 c | 23.24, 23.68 | 27.49 c | 27.37, 27.61 | 33.32 c | 32.95, 33.69 |
| Slope(BMI) | 0.18 c | 0.14, 0.22 | 0.11 c | 0.07, 0.15 | 0.06 d | 0.02, 0.10 |
| Cov(BMI) b | 0.09 c | 0.03, 0.15 | 0.14 c | 0.10, 0.18 | 0.15 | -0.01, 0.31 |
| Outcome: PCS(PA) | ||||||
| Intercept(PA) | 0.16 f | 0.04, 0.28 | 0.01 | -0.07, 0.09 | -0.31 c | -0.41, -0.21 |
| Slope(PA) | -0.01 | -0.03, 0.01 | 0.02 c | 0.00, 0.04 | 0.03 c | 0.01, 0.05 |
| Cov(PA) b | -0.03 c | -0.05, -0.01 | -0.03 c | -0.05, -0.01 | -0.04 c | -0.06, -0.02 |
| Outcome: PCS(HDB) | ||||||
| Intercept(HDB) | -0.06 | -0.18, 0.06 | -0.14 c | -0.22, -0.06 | -0.34 c | -0.44, -0.24 |
| Slope(HDB) | -0.01 | -0.03, 0.01 | 0.01 | -0.01, 0.03 | 0.03 c | 0.01, 0.05 |
| Cov(HDB) b | -0.01 | -0.03, 0.01 | -0.01 | -0.03, 0.01 | -0.02 | -0.04, 0.00 |
| Female | ||||||
| Outcome: BMI | ||||||
| Intercept(BMI) | 22.31 c | 22.17, 22.45 | 27.33 c | 27.17, 27.49 | 35.73 c | 35.26, 36.2 |
| Slope(BMI) | 0.20 c | 0.18, 0.22 | 0.17 c | 0.13, 0.21 | 0.07 d | -0.01, 0.15 |
| Cov(BMI) b | 0.14 c | 0.08, 0.20 | 0.20 c | 0.12, 0.28 | -0.04 | -0.37, 0.29 |
| Outcome: PCS(PA) | ||||||
| Intercept(PA) | 0.28 c | 0.20, 0.36 | 0.06 | -0.04, 0.16 | -0.36 c | -0.44, -0.28 |
| Slope(PA) | -0.002 | -0.02, 0.02 | 0.002 | -0.02, 0.02 | 0.004 | -0.02, 0.02 |
| Cov(PA) b | -0.03 c | -0.05, -0.01 | -0.04 c | -0.06, -0.02 | -0.03 c | -0.05, -0.01 |
| Outcome: PCS(HDB) | ||||||
| Intercept(HDB) | 0.23 c | 0.17, 0.29 | 0.12 c | 0.04, 0.20 | -0.23 c | -0.31, -0.15 |
| Slope(HDB) | 0.001 | -0.02, 0.02 | -0.01 | -0.03, 0.01 | 0.01 | -0.01, 0.03 |
| Cov(HDB) b | -0.01 | -0.03, 0.01 | -0.03 c | -0.05, -0.01 | -0.02 d | -0.04, 0.00 |
BMI, body mass index (kg/m2); CI, confidence interval; Cov, covariance; PA, physical activity; PCS: principal component scores; HDB, healthy dietary behaviors.
a all parameters were estimated from the gender- and BMI level-specific LGCMs after adjusting baseline covariates including age, race, education, family income, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Interpretations of parameter estimates can be found in Table C in S1 File.
b covariance between intercept and slope
c P< 0.01
d P< 0.05