Table 2. Risk factors for survival: outcome is all-cause mortality and thyroid carcinoma specific mortality.
| Variables | level* | All cause mortality | Thyroid Carcinoma specific mortality | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate Cox regression | Multivariate Cox regression | Univariate Cox regression | Multivariate Cox regression | ||||||
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p-value | ||
| Age | 1.093 (1.089, 1.097) | < 0.0001 | 1.054 (1.049, 1.058) | < 0.0001 | 1.106 (1.100, 1.112) | < 0.0001 | 1.042 (1.035, 1.048) | < 0.0001 | |
| Race | White | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||
| Black | 1.287 (1.080, 1.533) | 0.005 | 1.324 (1.091, 1.606) | 0.005 | 1.189 (0.912, 1.550) | 0.20 | 1.269 (0.942, 1.709) | 0.12 | |
| Other | 0.952 (0.816, 1.112) | 0.54 | 1.018 (0.859, 1.211) | 0.84 | 1.090 (0.882, 1.347) | 0.42 | 1.220 (0.956, 1.556) | 0.11 | |
| T-stage | T0 | ref | Ref | ref | ref | ||||
| T1 | 0.125 (0.065, 0.243) | < 0.0001 | 0.754 (0.370, 1.537) | 0.44 | 0.024 (0.007, 0.080) | < 0.0001 | 0.146 (0.034, 0.622) | 0.009 | |
| T2 | 1.177 (0.090, 0.347) | < 0.0001 | 1.270 (0.617, 2.613) | 0.52 | 0.102 (0.031, 0.336) | 0.0002 | 0.799 (0.188, 3.388) | 0.76 | |
| T3 | 0.244 (0.126, 0.475) | < 0.0001 | 1.447 (0.708, 2.955) | 0.31 | 0.250 (0.079, 0.789) | 0.02 | 1.534 (0.374, 6.298) | 0.55 | |
| T4 | 4.111 (2.130, 7.934) | < 0.0001 | 3.882 (1.909, 7.895) | 0.0002 | 8.875 (2.854, 27.600) | 0.0002 | 7.236 (1.777, 29.463) | < 0.0001 | |
| N-stage | N0 | ref | Ref | ref | ref | ||||
| N1 | 2.564 (2.313, 2.842) | < .0001 | 1.371 (1.207, 1.558) | < 0.0001 | 5.445 (4.654, 6.370) | <.0001 | 1.458 (1.220, 1.741) | < 0.0001 | |
| M-stage | M0 | ref | Ref | ref | < 0.0001 | Ref | |||
| M1 | 27.671 (24.902, 30.748) | < 0.0001 | 1.324 (1.091, 1.606) | < 0.0001 | 57.683 (50.043, 66.489) | 2.705 (2.250, 3.252) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Grade | Well differentiated | ref | Ref | ref | ref | ||||
| Moderately differentiated | 1.897 (1.335, 2.695) | 0.0004 | 1.337 (0.934, 1.912) | 0.11 | 2.321 (0.882, 6.106) | 0.09 | 1.393 (0.505, 3.848) | 0.52 | |
| Poorly differentiated | 24.298 (18.972, 31.118) | < 0.0001 | 4.865 (3.678, 6.434) | < 0.0001 | 149.938 (84.086, 267.362) | < 0.0001 | 16.443 (8.401, 32.183) | < 0.0001 | |
| Undifferentiated | 161.988 (131.507, 199.534) | < 0.0001 | 6.932 (5.288, 9.088) | < 0.0001 | 1148.482 (660.170, 1997.785) | < 0.0001 | 24.513 (12.598, 47.696) | < 0.0001 | |
| Unknown | 2.142 (1.761, 2.606) | < 0.0001 | 1.387 (1.128, 1.706) | 0.002 | 5.657 (3.241, 9.871) | < 0.0001 | 3.576 (1.889, 6.772) | < 0.0001 | |
| Radiation | None or refused | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||
| Radiation Beam | 13.924 (12.341, 15.709) | < 0.0001 | 0.803 (0.658, 9.943) | 0.07 | 27.967 (24.015, 32.569) | < 0.0001 | 0.777 (0.643, 0.939) | 0.009 | |
| Radioisotopes | 0.266 (0.230, 0.307) | < 0.0001 | 0.342 (0.292, 0.401) | < 0.0001 | 0.202 (0.156, 0.261) | < 0.0001 | 0.244 (0.184, 0.325) | < 0.0001 | |
| Radioactive implants | 0.473 (0.212, 1.055) | 0.07 | 0.556 (0.248, 1.243) | 0.15 | 0.407 (0.102, 1.635) | 0.21 | 0.402 (0.100, 1.621) | 0.20 | |
| Radiation beam +isotopes/implants | 2.775 (1.440, 5.346) | 0.002 | 0.645 (0.331, 1.259) | 0.20 | 6.147 (3.052, 12.378) | < 0.0001 | 0.805 (0.393, 1.651) | 0.55 | |
| Surgery | Recommended but not Performed | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||||
| Performed | 0.060 (0.046, 0.077) | < 0.0001 | 0.352 (0.252, 0.491) | < 0.0001 | 0.040 (0.028, 0.057) | < 0.0001 | 0.497 (0.311, 0.795) | 0.004 | |
| Not recommended | 2.021 (1.555, 2.627) | < 0.0001 | 1.295 (0.927, 1.811) | 0.13 | 2.335 (1.643, 3.319) | < 0.0001 | 1.350 (0.851, 2.143) | 0.20 | |