Table 3. Bladder cancer “shed” ALCAM cohort descriptors and frequencies.
| VUMC (n = 120) | UTSW (n = 64) | Comparison | Combined Cohort (n = 184) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Quartiles | Mean ± SD | N | Quartiles | Mean ± SD | Test Statistic | Significance | N | Quartiles | Mean ± SD | |
| Age (Years) | 120 | 62, 69, 75 | 68 ± 10 | 63 | 63, 70, 77 | 69 ± 10 | U = 3434a | 0.311 | 183 | 63, 69, 75 | 68 ± 10 |
| Serum ALCAM (ng/ml) | 117 | 58.8, 74.9, 96.7 | 79.2 ± 26.3 | 29 | 53.6, 61.8, 68.6 | 69.1 ± 36.8 | U = 1096a | 0.003* | 146 | 57.6, 70.7, 90.5 | 77.2 ± 28.8 |
| Urine ALCAM (ng/ml) | 111 | 0.78, 2.18, 6.18 | 4.05 ± 4.68 | 64 | 0.68, 1.35, 2.51 | 2.08 ± 2.24 | U = 2755a | 0.013* | 175 | 0.73, 1.72, 4.24 | 3.33 ± 4.07 |
| Urine Hemoglobin (μg/ml) | 108 | 45, 341, 1088 | 1285 ± 2923 | 63 | 301, 503, 1055 | 1205 ± 2968 | U = 2706a | 0.025* | 171 | 128, 448, 1088 | 1256 ± 2931 |
| Follow-up (Months) | 120 | 12.6, 38.1, 57.1 | 38.0 ± 57.1 | 59 | 5.0, 12.5, 29.3 | 18.3 ± 15.9 | U = 2170a | < 0.001* | 179 | 8.7, 26.0, 49.3 | 31.5 ± 27.3 |
| Time to Death 3 Years (Months) | 56 | 2.8, 11.1, 21.7 | 12.5 ± 10.4 | 20 | 1.7, 7.3, 17.1 | 9.5 ± 9.2 | U = 455a | 0.219 | 76 | 2.7, 9.3, 20.9 | 11.7 ± 10.1 |
| N | Percent | Frequency | N | Percent | Frequency | Test Statistic | Significance | N | Percent | Frequency | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 120 | 62 | χ21 = 3.23b | 0.224 | 182 | ||||||
| Female | 10.0% | (12) | 9.7% | (6) | 9.9% | (18) | |||||
| Male | 90.0% | (108) | 90.3% | (56) | 90.1% | (164) | |||||
| Race | 120 | 64 | χ22 = 8.32b | 0.014* | 184 | ||||||
| White | 95.8% | (115) | 89.1% | (57) | 93.5% | (172) | |||||
| Black | 2.5% | (3) | 4.7% | (3) | 3.3% | (6) | |||||
| Other | 1.7% | (2) | 6.3% | (4) | 3.3% | (6) | |||||
| Pathological Tumor Stage | 120 | 63 | χ28 = 5.66b | 0.586 | 183 | ||||||
| pT0 | 4.2% | (5) | 7.9% | (5) | 5.5% | (10) | |||||
| pTa | 6.7% | (8) | 1.6% | (1) | 4.9% | (9) | |||||
| pTis | 7.5% | (9) | 7.9% | (5) | 7.7% | (14) | |||||
| pT1 | 6.7% | (8) | 9.5% | (6) | 7.7% | (14) | |||||
| pT2a | 16.7% | (20) | 19.0% | (12) | 17.5% | (32) | |||||
| pT2b | 9.2% | (11) | 15.9% | (10) | 11.5% | (21) | |||||
| pT3a | 25.8% | (31) | 17.5% | (11) | 23.0% | (42) | |||||
| pT3b | 7.5% | (9) | 7.9% | (5) | 7.7% | (14) | |||||
| pT4a | 15.8% | (19) | 12.7% | (8) | 14.8% | (27) | |||||
| N Stage | 120 | 60 | χ23 = 5.85b | 0.088 | 180 | ||||||
| N0 | 75.0% | (90) | 73.3% | (44) | 74.4% | (134) | |||||
| N1 | 5.0% | (6) | 10.0% | (6) | 6.7% | (12) | |||||
| N2 | 20.0% | (24) | 13.3% | (8) | 17.8% | (32) | |||||
| N3 | 0.0% | () | 3.3% | (2) | 1.1% | (2) | |||||
| Positive Lymph-node Status | 120 | 60 | χ21 = 0.06c | 0.809 | 180 | ||||||
| 0 | 75.0% | (90) | 73.3% | (44) | 74.4% | (134) | |||||
| 1 | 25.0% | (30) | 26.7% | (16) | 25.6% | (46) | |||||
| Group | 120 | 0 | 120 | ||||||||
| NMIBC | 25.0% | (30) | 25.0% | (30) | |||||||
| OCMIBC | 24.2% | (29) | 24.2% | (29) | |||||||
| EVMIBC | 25.8% | (31) | 25.8% | (31) | |||||||
| LN+ | 25.0% | (30) | 25.0% | (30) | |||||||
| Death (Full Follow-up) | 120 | 58 | χ21 = 9.53c | 0.002* | 178 | ||||||
| 0 | 40.8% | (49) | 65.5% | (38) | 48.9% | (87) | |||||
| 1 | 59.2% | (71) | 34.5% | (20) | 51.1% | (91) | |||||
| Death (3 years) | 120 | 58 | χ21 = 2.37c | 0.147 | 178 | ||||||
| 0 | 53.3% | (64) | 65.5% | (38) | 57.3% | (102) | |||||
| 1 | 46.7% | (56) | 34.5% | (20) | 42.7% | (76) |
Description and comparison of the retrospective bladder cancer patient cohorts used for prognostic assessment of shed ALCAM in serum and urine collected at VUMC and UTSW. a = Mann-Whitney U, b = Fisher's Exact, c = Pearson Chi Square, * exact 2-tailed significance detected, Quartiles = 25%, Median, 75%, NMIBC = non-muscle invasive BCa, OCMIBC = organ-confined muscle invasive BCa, EVMIBC = extravesical muscle invasive BCa, LN+ = lymph-node positive muscle invasive BCa