Table 2.
Mean for outcome variables at different phases of treatment
| Sleep variables | Experimental group (with classical conditioning, N = 16)
|
Comparison group (N = 41)
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline, M (SD) |
Treatment, M (SD) |
Half dose, M (SD) |
Stop week, M (SD) |
Treatment, M (SD) |
Half dose, M (SD) |
Stop week, M (SD) |
||
| Sleep diary | ||||||||
| Sleep latencya (min) | 68.17(51.50) | 41.97(37.47) | 48.39 (41.14) | 66.13 (54.57) | 37.27 (28.47) | 38.77 (34.36) | 69.39 (46.77) | |
| Sleep start (clock time) | 22:21 (1:05) | 21:35 (0:58) | 21:49 (1:08) | 22:18 (1:02) | 21:00 (0:59) | 21:11 (1:14) | 21:43 (1:06) | |
| Actigraphy | ||||||||
| Sleep latencya (min) | 61.70 (53.47) | 28.69 (26.44) | 34.33 (35.22) | 67.65 (54.83) | 28.37(26.91) | 28.42 (27.29) | 63.65 (43.65) | |
| Sleep start (clock time) | 22:13 (1:1 1) | 21:26 (0:58) | 21:44 (1:08) | 22:20 (1:11) | 21:07(1:07) | 21:29 (1:15) | 22:08 (1:16) | |
| Total sleep time (h) | 8.1 1 (0.88) | 8.42 (1.00) | 8.42 (1.01) | 8.00 (0.93) | 8.62 (1.06) | 8.49 (1.02) | 8.13 (1.04) | |
| Sleep efficiency | 75.87 (7.21) | 78.28 (7.27) | 77.64 (7.50) | 74.76 (7.37) | 75.72 (7.31) | 75.57 (7.19) | 72.34 (7.13) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Other variables | T0 (baseline), M (SD) | T1 (end of treatment), M (SD) | T2 (end of stop week), M (SD) | T0 (baseline), M (SD) | T1 (end of treatment), M (SD) | T2 (end of stop week), M (SD) | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Dim light melatonin onset (clock time) | 20:39 (1:09) | 20:03 (1:28) | 20:43 (1:20) | 20:58 (0:50) | 19:31(0:52) | 20:55 (1:09) | ||
| Health | 17.50 (4.76) | 23.29 (4.27) | 18.00 (7.19) | 20.89 (3.14) | 22.50 (3.98) | 20.64 (3.98) | ||
| Parenting stress | 35.00 (14.40) | 29.50 (12.16) | 29.92 (1 1.36) | 31.99 (11.14) | 29.65 (9.78) | 29.58 (9.61) | ||
| Behavior problemsb | 12.56 (7.90) | 9.14 (6.97) | 8.85 (7.56) | 40.28 (23.37) | 28.91 (21.09) | |||
Notes:
a
Sleep latency: difference between bed time and sleep start.
b
Behavior problems were measured with different questionnaires in the experimental and comparison groups and can therefore not be compared.
Abbreviations: M. mean; SD. standard deviation.