Table 1. General characteristics of the study subjectsa.
| Controls (n=1402) | Cases (n=701) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56.0±9.1 | 56.4±9.6 | 0.31 |
| Female | 444(31.7) | 222(31.7) | >0.99 |
| Family history of colorectal cancerb | 77(5.5) | 69(9.8) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| <25 | 935(66.7) | 479(68.3) | 0.45 |
| ≥25 | 467(33.3) | 222(31.7) | |
| Education level | |||
| Middle school or less | 197(14.2) | 254(36.2) | <0.001 |
| High school | 455(32.7) | 269(38.4) | |
| College or more | 739(53.1) | 178(25.4) | |
| Smoking status | |||
| Nonsmoker | 615(43.9) | 315(44.9) | 0.64 |
| Ever smoker | 787(56.1) | 386(55.1) | |
| Alcohol consumption | |||
| Nondrinker | 420(23.0) | 211(30.1) | 0.95 |
| Ever drinker | 982(70.0) | 490(69.9) | |
| Regular exercise (yes) | 830(59.5) | 229(32.7) | <0.001 |
| Total caloric intake (kcal/day) | 1698.5±560.5 | 2020.1±530.0 | <0.001 |
| Sum of DII | 1.07±2.25 | 1.87±1.96 | <0.001 |
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index; DII, dietary inflammatory index.
aResults are presented as the mean ± SD or n (%).
bFirst-degree relative.