Table 5. Association of DII score with the risk of colorectal cancer, as stratified by PPARGCA1 rs3774921 genetic variant and risk factorsa.
| DII score | TT/TC | CC | P for interaction | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. Controls/Cases | High vs. Low | No. Controls/Cases | High vs. Low | ||||
| Low | High | Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | Low | High | Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | ||
| Age | |||||||
| <50 years old | 116/63 | 162/82 | 0.95(0.62, 1.45) | 14/4 | 21/8 | 0.86(0.16, 4.72) | 0.83 |
| ≥50 years old | 500/183 | 468/304 | 1.96(1.50, 2.48) | 69/13 | 50/40 | 8.42(3.24, 21.90) | 0.005 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||
| <25 | 402/160 | 429/270 | 1.77(1.36, 2.32) | 54/10 | 50/35 | 6.63(2.33, 18.87) | 0.03 |
| ≥25 | 214/86 | 201/116 | 1.40(0.97, 2.02) | 29/7 | 21/13 | 3.81(1.09, 13.28) | 0.15 |
| Regular exercise | |||||||
| No | 202/171 | 308/257 | 1.03(0.77–1.38) | 25/9 | 30/33 | 8.54(2.27–32.13) | 0.004 |
| Yes | 410/75 | 320/129 | 2.47(1.75–3.50) | 57/8 | 41/15 | 2.76(0.94–8.18) | 0.75 |
| Smoking status | |||||||
| Never | 301/121 | 248/163 | 1.91(1.39–2.63) | 36/6 | 30/22 | 7.16(1.93–26.60) | 0.06 |
| Ever | 315/125 | 382/223 | 1.46(1.09–1.96) | 47/11 | 41/26 | 4.91(1.71–14.13) | 0.08 |
Abbreviation: DII, dietary inflammatory index.
aThe DII score was categorized into two groups (high/low) based on the median (1.41) level of the control group.
bAdjusted for education and total calorie intake.