Fig. 1.

Ethanol exposure induces apoptosis in rat primary cardiomyocytes. The cells were exposed to different concentrations of ethanol (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5%) for 4 days and subjected to detection. a, b Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was employed to detect the apoptosis. Apoptosis percentage in each group was analyzed by flow cytometry. Data were presented as mean ± S.D. **p < 0.01 compared to control (no ethanol treatment)