Table 1.
Clinical characteristics and levels of CSF biomarkers
| Characteristics | Probable/definite bvFTD (n = 22) | Primary psychiatric disorders (n = 25) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62.9 (6.3) | 60.6 (7.00) | .25 |
| Gender, % male | 59 | 84 | .06 |
| Education, verhage | 4.42 (1.32) | 4.35 (1.46) | .57 |
| MMSE | 26.2 (2.8) | 25.6 (2.9) | .49 |
| FAB | 14.1 (4.2) | 14.8 (2.8) | .52 |
| CSF Aβ1–42, pg/mL∗ | 1103 (607–1460) | 1057 (632–1472) | .29 |
| CSF tau, pg/mL∗ | 379 (182–993) | 278 (152–648) | .02 |
| CSF p-tau181, pg/mL∗ | 40 (16–76) | 47 (16–112) | .24 |
| CSF p-tau/tau ratio∗ | 0.11 (0.05–0.2) | 0.17 (0.09–0.22) | <.001 |
| CSF tau/Aβ1–42 ratio∗ | 0.34 (0.19–0.76) | 0.27 (0.15–0.55) | .006 |
| CSF NfL, pg/mL∗,† | 5630 (821–26,599) | 759 (369–1542) | <.001 |
| CSF YKL40, ng/mL∗,† | 399 (224–712) | 254 (150–394) | .001 |
Abbreviations: bvFTD, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia; Verhage, education score comparable with the International Standard Classification of Education (UNESCO, Paris, 1976); MMSE, Mini–Mental State Examination; FAB, frontal assessment battery; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; Aβ1–42, amyloid-β1–42; Tau, total-tau; p-tau181, phosphorylated-tau; NfL, neurofilament light chain.
NOTE. Data are mean (standard deviation) unless otherwise stated.
∗
Mean, minimum–maximum.
†
CSF NfL missing eight bvFTD cases and four psychiatric cases, CSF YKL40 seven bvFTD cases and four psychiatric cases.