Table 2.
Characteristics of T2DM patients with the low, middle, and high serum ZAG levels.
| ZAG (μg/ml) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Low (0.57~1.19) | Median (1.19~1.52) | High (1.52~3.26) | P | |
| Age (y) | |||||
| <61 | 198 (45.2) | 66 (45.5) | 66 (44.9) | 66 (45.2) | |
| ≥61 | 240 (54.8) | 79 (54.5) | 81 (55.1) | 80 (54.8) | 0.95 |
| Gender | |||||
| Men | 151 (34.5) | 36 (24.8) | 60 (40.8) | 55 (37.7) | |
| Women | 287 (65.5) | 109 (75.2) | 87 (59.2) | 91 (62.3) | 0.022 |
| Education (y) | |||||
| ≤6 | 205 (46.8) | 71 (49.0) | 74 (50.3) | 60 (41.1) | |
| >6 | 233 (53.2) | 74 (51.0) | 73 (49.7) | 86 (58.9) | 0.18 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||
| <24 | 61 (13.9) | 16 (11.0) | 18 (12.2) | 27 (18.5) | |
| ≥24 | 377 (86.1) | 129 (89.0) | 129 (87.8) | 119 (81.5) | 0.066 |
| WC (cm) | |||||
| <90 (or 85)1 | 28 (6.4) | 7 (4.8) | 7 (4.8) | 14 (9.6) | |
| ≥90 (or 85) | 410 (93.6) | 138 (95.2) | 140 (95.2) | 132 (90.4) | 0.097 |
| Hypertension2 | |||||
| None | 302 (69.0) | 92 (63.5) | 105 (71.4) | 105 (91.9) | |
| Yes | 136 (31.0) | 53 (36.5) | 42 (28.6) | 41 (28.1) | 0.12 |
| TC (mmol/L) | |||||
| <5.2 | 79 (18.0) | 33 (22.8) | 26 (17.7) | 20 (13.7) | |
| ≥5.2 | 359 (82.0) | 112 (77.2) | 121 (82.3) | 126 (86.3) | 0.045 |
| TG (mmol/L) | |||||
| <1.7 | 307 (70.1) | 109 (75.2) | 102 (69.4) | 96 (65.8) | |
| ≥1.7 | 131 (29.9) | 36 (24.8) | 45 (30.6) | 50 (34.2) | 0.080 |
| HbA1C (%) | |||||
| ≤7.0 | 192 (43.8) | 71 (49.0) | 56 (38.1) | 65 (44.5) | |
| >7.0 | 246 (56.2) | 74 (51.0) | 91 (61.9) | 81 (55.5) | 0.45 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | |||||
| ≤7.0 | 139 (31.7) | 44 (30.3) | 40 (27.2) | 55 (37.7) | |
| >7.0 | 299 (68.3) | 101 (69.7) | 107 (72.8) | 91 (62.3) | 0.18 |
| uACR (mg/mmol) | |||||
| <2.7 | 261 (59.6) | 88 (60.7) | 85 (57.8) | 88 (60.3) | |
| ≥2.7 | 177 (40.4) | 57 (39.3) | 62 (42.2) | 58 (39.7) | 0.94 |
| 25OHD (nmol/L) | |||||
| >50 | 135 (30.8) | 25 (17.2) | 60 (40.8) | 50 (34.2) | |
| ≤50 | 303 (69.2) | 120 (82.8) | 87 (59.2) | 96 (65.8) | 0.0017 |
| eGFR (ml/min) | |||||
| ≥90 | 176 (40.2) | 64 (44.1) | 65 (44.2) | 47 (32.2) | |
| <90 | 262 (59.8) | 81 (55.9) | 82 (55.8) | 99 (67.8) | 0.038 |
1WC defined as (<90, ≥90) in men and (<85, ≥85) in women, all units in cm.
2Hypertension defined as SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg, or self-reported use of an antihypertensive medication.