Table 4.
Rates of students’ reports of emotional and physical violence behaviors from parents (n=434)
| Violence from mother and/or father | Violence from mother | Violence from father | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Female students | Male students | |||||||||
| n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | p* | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
| Emotional violence | |||||||||||
| Shouting | 150 | (34.6) | 66 | (30.8) | 84 | (38.2) | 0.132 | 113 | (26.0) | 107 | (24.7) |
| Scaring | 90 | (20.7) | 36 | (16.8) | 54 | (24.5) | 0.062 | 62 | (14.3) | 66 | (15.2) |
| Discriminating | 47 | (10.8) | 21 | (9.8) | 26 | (11.8) | 0.605 | 35 | (8.1) | 32 | (7.4) |
| Humiliating | 56 | (12.9) | 29 | (13.6) | 27 | (12.3) | 0.799 | 42 | (9.7) | 29 | (6.7) |
| Finding them insufficient compared to their friends | 94 | (21.7) | 41 | (19.2) | 53 | (24.1) | 0.258 | 82 | (18.9) | 43 | (9.9) |
| Mocking or teasing | 43 | (9.9) | 18 | (8.4) | 25 | (11.4) | 0.385 | 23 | (5.3) | 32 | (7.4) |
| Being called by an undesired nickname or name | 57 | (13.1) | 24 | (11.2) | 33 | (15.0) | 0.305 | 41 | (9.4) | 36 | (8.3) |
| At least one type of emotional violence | 229 | (52.8) | 103 | (48.1) | 126 | (57.3) | 0.070 | 189 | (43.5) | 175 | (40.5) |
| Physical violence | |||||||||||
| Pulling ears | 61 | (14.1) | 18 | (8.4) | 43 | (19.5) | 0.001 | 39 | (9.0) | 43 | (9.9) |
| Hitting with a ruler. stick. etc. | 32 | (7.4) | 12 | (5.6) | 20 | (9.1) | 0.228 | 21 | (4.8) | 19 | (4.4) |
| Beating | 94 | (21.7) | 41 | (19.2) | 53 | (24.1) | 0.258 | 74 | (17.1) | 71 | (16.4) |
| Locking them somewhere or throwing them out | 26 | (6.0) | 6 | (2.8) | 20 | (9.1) | 0.011 | 20 | (4.6) | 16 | (3.7) |
| Throwing something | 71 | (16.4) | 31 | (14.5) | 40 | (18.2) | 0.362 | 54 | (12.4) | 32 | (7.4) |
| At least one type of physical violence | 146 | (33.6) | 64 | (29.9) | 82 | (37.3) | 0.128 | 116 | (26.7) | 96 | (22.1) |
*
Chi-square test (p values acquired as a result of comparing the rates of female and male students’ reports of violence behaviors from their mothers and/or fathers)