Table 2.

Individual and organisational stress management interventions

		Organisation
	Reported as an effective intervention	Public n = 27	Private n = 13	NGO n = 11
Individual: psychological interventions		5	3	3
1-2-1 therapy, counselling
Intranet/internet counselling	✓
Complementary therapy
Helpline/telephone coaching
Individual: education		1	1	0
Organisational skills courses
Assertiveness training
Organisational: management practices		20	8	7
Supportive, approachable, appreciative	✓
Communicative	✓
Frequent business/staff meetings	✓
Supervision	✓
2-way feedback	✓
Organisational: organisational team culture		16	5	6
Space for discussion	✓
Dialogue group	✓
Pre-/post- group	✓
Notice board	✓
Organisational: working structure		10	0	4
Flexibility	✓
Balanced working hours	✓
TOIL	✓
Fixed days off	✓
Well-planned shifts	✓
Organisational: education		14	4	4
Educational/training courses	✓
Inset days	✓
Organisational: environment		9	3	2
Open-plan office
Relaxation room	✓
Working room
Organisational: health promotion		5	1	0
Gym membership	✓
Health promotion courses
Health promotion activities such as head massage and exercise	✓

NGO, non-governmental organisation; TOIL, time off in lieu.