Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Baseline characteristics | SonR (N=670) | Echo (N=328) |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||
| Age, years | 67.2 ±10.2 | 66.6 ±10.2 |
| Men (%) | 70.4 (472) | 65.5 (215) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.5 ±5.6 | 27.9 ±5.0 |
| NYHA class | ||
| II | 1.5 (10) | 0.3 (1) |
| III | 96.6 (647) | 95.4 (313) |
| IV | 1.9 (13) | 4.3 (14) |
| Cardiac risk factors | ||
| Atrial fibrillation | 14.8 (99) | 16.5 (54) |
| Diabetes | 37.3 (250) | 41.8 (137) |
| Current smoker | 33.0 (221) | 32.3 (106) |
| Systemic hypertension | 62.1 (416) | 61.6 (202) |
| Renal dysfunction | 22.8 (153) | 24.7 (81) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 13.1 (88) | 13.7 (45) |
| Cause of heart failure | ||
| Ischaemic | 45.5 (300) | 42.5 (138) |
| Non-ischaemic | 54.5 (360) | 57.5 (187) |
| Electrocardiographic finding | ||
| QRS duration, ms | 160.7 ±23.1 | 160.0 ±21.9 |
| LBBB | 84.0 (563) | 88.4 (290) |
| Non-LBBB | 16.0 (107) | 11.6 (38) |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. | 70.7 ±13.4 | 70.9 ±13.6 |
| PR interval, ms | 188.1 ±44.9 | 188.3 ±42.7 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 125.7 ±19.8 | 124.5 ±20.2 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 72.7 ±12.0 | 71.8 ±11.0 |
| Echocardiographic finding | ||
| Left ventricular ejection fraction | ||
| ≤25% | 33.6 (225) | 30.5 (100) |
| >25% | 66.4 (445) | 69.5 (228) |
| Left ventricular end-systolic volume, mL | 162.0 ±72.5 | 159.8 ±75.0 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume, mL | 226.2 ±88.0 | 225.6 ±94.3 |
| Concomitant cardiac medications | ||
| Beta-blocker | 89.4 (599) | 92.1 (302) |
| ACE inhibitor, substitutes, or ARB | 89.9 (602) | 88.7 (291) |
| Ivabradine | 9.0 (60) | 10.4 (34) |
| Diuretic | 79.6 (533) | 84.5 (277) |
| Spironolactone | 57.9 (388) | 56.7 (186) |
There were no significant differences between groups, except for the NYHA class distribution (P < 0.05). Values are mean ± SD or % (n).
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker, BMI, body mass index; LBBB, left bundle branch block; NYHA, New York Heart Association functional class.