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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Health Place. 2017 Feb 4;44:61–69. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.01.005

Table 3.

Adjusted Racial/Ethnic Differences in Ideal Cardiovascular Health Factors (N=5263)

Blood Pressurea Cholesterola Glucosea
OR [95% C.I.] OR [95% C.I.] OR [95% C.I.]
Black-white
 Unadjustedc 0.510 [0.438–0.594] † 1.230 [1.066–1.419] † 0.581 [0.502–0.673] †
 Fixed Effectc,d 0.597 [0.470–0.759] † 1.248 [0.993–1.568] 0.614 [0.485–0.777] †
 Random Effectc,e 0.545 [0.462, 0.642] † 1.200 [1.028–1.401] † 0.605 [0.514–0.713] †
 Hybrid Fixed Effectc,f 0.615 [0.490, 0.772] † 1.211 [0.977–1.502] 0.649 [0.521–0.808] †
Largest % change 21.4% N/A 16.2%
Hispanic-white
 Unadjustedc 0.600 [0.498–0.724] † 1.127 [0.943–1.348] 0.542 [0.450–0.652] †
 Fixed Effectc,d 0.614 [0.470–0.803] † 1.206 [0.932–1.561] 0.640 [0.491–0.835] †
 Random Effectc,e 0.625 [0.516–0.757] † 1.107 [0.923–1.328] 0.555 [0.456–0.676] †
 Hybrid Fixed Effectc,f 0.642 [0.500–0.823] † 1.167 [0.919–1.482] 0.661 [0.516–0.846] †
Largest % changeg 10.5% N/A 26.0%
P-valueb
 Unadjustedc <0.001 0.017 <0.001
 Fixed Effectc,d <0.001 0.100 <0.001
 Random Effectc,e <0.001 0.066 <0.001
 Hybrid Fixed Effectc,f <0.001 0.149 <0.001

Sample size for fixed effects model: N=4510 for blood pressure, N=4501 for Cholesterol, and N=4505 for glucose

†

P-value<0.05 for beta coefficient for black-white or Hispanic-white comparison and CVH indicator

a

Outcome compares ideal vs. intermediate/poor CVH

b

p-value for overall association between race/ethnicity and CVH indicator

c

All models include the following covariates: study site, gender, race/ethnicity, age, education, income

d

Fixed effects model includes: neighborhood tract identifier

e

Random effects model includes: neighborhood SES, neighborhood physical environment, neighborhood social environment

f

Hybrid fixed effects model includes: neighborhood SES, neighborhood physical environment, neighborhood social environment, neighborhood proportion black, neighborhood proportion Hispanic

N/A listed for largest percent change if estimate was in the unexpected direction or racial/ethnic differences were not statistically significant in unadjusted model