Table 1. Research data activities and their corresponding actions in IRs.

Curation Activities and Actions
Activities	Actions
Understanding data curation needs	Interviewing researchers
	Communicating with IR or library staff
	Consulting with researchers
Managing and sharing data	Receiving or transferring data files
	Cleaning data
	Converting data to a different file format
	Developing and adding metadata
	Validating data
	Packaging data
	Uploading and publishing data into IR
Ensuring that data is accessible and reusable	Annotating data for relevant entities
	Optimizing data to search engine
	Keeping data up to date into mirror repository
Re-evaluating data for long term preservation	Selecting dataset for long term preservation
Other Related Activities and Actions
Activities	Actions
Analyzing data usage	Managing descriptive statistics of data usage
	Providing researchers with data tracking results
Creating policy and administrative infrastructure	Understanding local needs and creating local policies and rules
	Building infrastructure component
Educating people about data management	Training librarians
	Educating researchers
	Providing workshops for data analysis tools
	Providing outreach for data curation
Continuing education	Learning the best practices for research data management
	Learning future technologies