Table 4.

Delirium superimposed on dementia. Incidence and outcome

Postoperative outcomes	No dementia	Dementia	P-value
	N=398 (%)	N=168 (%)
Delirium (n=196)	99 (25.0)	97 (57.7)	<0.001
Preoperative delirium	19 (4.8)	27 (16.1)	<0.001
Length of delirium, Median (IQR)	4 (4)	3 (4)	0.718^
	Delirium without dementia; N=99 (%)	DSD; N=97 (%)
Number of patients with ≥ one complications	57 (57.6)	37 (38.1)	0.006
Cardiac complication	6 (6.0)	3 (3.1)	0.498*
Pulmonary complication	13 (13.1)	4 (4.1)	0.025
Neurologicala	5 (5.1)	3 (3.1)	0.721*
Renal function disorders	8 (8.1)	5 (5.1)	0.410
Urinary tract infection	13 (13.1)	10 (10.3)	0.539
Bladder retention	11 (11.1)	6 (6.2)	0.221
Other complicationsb	20 (20.2)	10 (10.3)	0.054
Hemodynamic instability	6 (6.1)	4 (4.1)	0.748*
Pneumonia	9 (9.1)	3 (3.1)	0.080
Myocardial infarction	1 (1.0)	0 (0)	1.000*
Cardiac decompensation	4 (4.0)	2 (2.0)	0.683*
Cardiac rhythm disorder	2 (2.0)	4 (4.1)	0.442*
CVA/TIA	3 (3.0)	4 (4.1)	0.719*
Length of hospital stay, Median (IQR)	7 (6)	4 (4)	<0.001^
New residence	64 (64.6)	29 (29.9)	<0.001
Nursing home	86 (88)	92 (94.8)	0.053
In-hospital mortality	5 (5.1)	2 (2.1)	0.445*
<6 month mortalityc	21 (22.3)	31 (32.6)	0.113
Total mortality <6 months	26 (26.3)	33 (34.0)	0.236

Notes:

^aExcluding delirium.

^bDecubitus, ileus, scrotal abscess, electrolyte abnormalities, abdominal complaints, irregular glucose values, iatrogenic complications during admission.

^cExcluding in-hospital mortality; Pearson chi square test;

^*Fisher’s Exact Test;

^{^}Mann–Whitney U-test.

Abbreviations: CVA/TIA, cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack; DSD, delirium superimposed on dementia; IQR, interquartile range of the median.