Table 1. Comparative analysis of characteristics among the non-MVI, low-MVI and high-MVI groups.
| Variable | Non-MVI (n = 180) |
Low-MVI (n = 58) |
High-MVI (n = 57) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 54(22-81) | 53(29-80) | 51(24-87) | 0.053 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 140(78) | 45(78) | 50(88) | 0.243 |
| Female | 40(22) | 13(22) | 7(12) | |
| HBsAg | ||||
| Positive | 139(77) | 50(91) | 47(82) | 0.280 |
| Negative | 41(23) | 8(9) | 10(18) | |
| Background liver | ||||
| Noncirrhosis | 68(38) | 15(26) | 15(26) | 0.115 |
| Cirrhosis | 112(62) | 43(74) | 42(74) | |
| Child–Pugh grade | ||||
| A | 176(98) | 56(97) | 52(91) | 0.075 |
| B | 4(2) | 2(3) | 5(9) | |
| ICG-R15(%)a | 5.0(0.5-31.5) | 4.8(1.3-30.1) | 5.8(2.3-26.3) | 0.440 |
| ALT(U/L)a | 35.5(9.3-617.1) | 41.3(7.5-192.0) | 41.1(7.3-88.5) | 0.023 |
| TB (umol/l)a | 15.5(5.6-47.7) | 17.3(5.8-86.2) | 16.3(8.4-42.6) | 0.162 |
| GGT(U/L)a | 42.1(9.9-381.3) | 52.1(15.3-683.5) | 64.0(11.7-432.4) * | 0.026 |
| AKP(U/L)a | 78.5(32.8-252.6) | 82.7(52.0-534.6) | 86.2(53.7-216.6) | 0.182 |
| Albumin (g/l)a | 41.9(29.3-50.8) | 41.6(30.2-52.8) | 41.2(23.3-49.3) | 0.385 |
| INRa | 1.0(0.9-1.7) | 1.0(0.9-1.4) | 1.1(1.0-1.3) | 0.185 |
| Platelets (109/l)a | 138(4-327) | 145(37-291) | 161(21-331) | 0.382 |
| AFP (ng/ml) b | 25.3(0.7-350000.0) | 130(1.3-311000.0) | 258.5(2.9-1050000.0) * | 0.008 |
| Tumor size(cm)a | 4.4(1.0-12.0) | 6.0(2.0-12.0) * | 6.0(3.0-11.0) * | <0.001 |
| BCLC staging | ||||
| 0 | 20(11) | 4(7) | 1(2) | 0.770 |
| A | 160(89) | 54(93) | 56(98) | |
| Tumor differentiation | ||||
| Well | 42(23) | 6(10) * | 4(7) * | 0.005 |
| Moderate/Poor | 138(77) | 52(90) | 53(93) | |
| Type of resection | ||||
| Anatomical | 96(53) | 29(50) | 29(51) | 0.885 |
| Non-anatomical | 84(47) | 29(50) | 28(49) | |
| Operation time (min)a | 210(75-510) | 210(90-480) | 240(110-510) * # | 0.018 |
| Blood loss (mL)a | 300(50-2500) | 400(50-3000) | 500(50-2000) | 0.062 |
| Transfusion | ||||
| Yes | 28(16) | 18(31) * | 20(35) * | 0.002 |
| No | 152(84) | 40(69) | 37(65) |
Parenthesis indicates percentage unless indicated.a median (range) * P < 0.05 for post hoc test comparison with non-MVI # P < 0.05 for post hoc test comparison with low-MVI.
HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; ICG-R15, indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TB, total bilirubin; GGT, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; AKP, alkaline phosphatase; INR, International Normalized Ratio; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; MVI, microvascular invasion.