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. 2017 Jan 29;8(8):12620–12636. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.14896

Table 2. RNA oligonucleotide staining of human pancreases.

Sample Group ID Age Sex Fixation Viral RNA +* Islet viral RNA +
VP1+ T1D E560 42 F BF ++++ +
VP1+ T1D 11746 6 M HgCl2 ++ +
VP1+ T1D E375 11 F FS + +
VP1+ T1D E554A 7 M Bouin - § +
VP1 – T1D E428 5 M BF ++ +
VP1 – T1D E514 23 M BF - +
VP1 – T1D E235 6 M HgCl2 - - §
VP1 – T1D 8869 8 M HgCl2 + - §
Non-diabetic control 8579 7 - HgCl2 - -
Non-diabetic control 12054 7 - HgCl2 - -
Non-diabetic control 330/71 47 M BF - -
Non-diabetic control 21/89 4 F BF ++ -
Non-diabetic control 274/91 6 M BF - -
Non-diabetic control 191/67 25 M BF - -
Non-diabetic control 315/89 9 M BF + +
Non-diabetic control 540/91 11 M BF - -

Summary of the comparative study of pancreata from T1D and non-diabetic control patients. Sections were first stained for viral RNA, with a combination RNA probe sets CVB_1, CVB_2 and CVB_3, followed by insulin staining. - = less than 10 fully-infected cells, + = 10 to 30 fully-infected cells, ++ = 30 to 100 fully-infected cells, +++ = 100 to 200 fully-infected cells, ++++ = more than 200 fully-infected cells in the exocrine. §E554A showed ten fully-infected cells, E235 contained just 5 islets on the section and 8869 just 2 full and 1 fragmented islets (very small sections).